Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Complications

Overview

Journal Heart Fail Rev

Date 2014 Oct 26

PMID 25344016

Citations 112

Authors

Luca Di Lullo

Andrew House

Antonio Gorini

Alberto Santoboni

Domenico Russo

Claudio Ronco

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death represent main causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Pathogenesis includes close linkage between heart and kidneys and involves traditional and non-traditional cardiovascular risk factors. According to a well-established classification of cardiorenal syndrome, cardiovascular involvement in CKD is known as "type-4 cardiorenal syndrome" (chronic renocardiac). The following review makes an overview about epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular complications in CKD patients.

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