Strategies to Eliminate HBV Infection

Overview

Journal Future Virol

Specialty Microbiology

Date 2014 Oct 14

PMID 25309617

Citations 24

Authors

Rama Kapoor

Shyam Kottilil

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Chronic HBV infection is a major public health concern affecting over 240 million people worldwide. Although suppression of HBV replication is achieved in the majority of patients with currently available newer antivirals, discontinuation of therapy prior to hepatitis B surface antigen loss or seroconversion is associated with relapse of HBV in the majority of cases. Thus, new therapeutic modalities are needed to achieve eradication of the virus from chronically infected patients in the absence of therapy. The basis of HBV persistence includes viral and host factors. Here, we review novel strategies to achieve sustained cure or elimination of HBV. The novel approaches include targeting the viral and or host factors required for viral persistence, and novel immune-based therapies, including therapeutic vaccines.

Citing Articles

Novel Approaches to Inhibition of HBsAg Expression from cccDNA and Chromosomal Integrants: A Review.

Abdelwahed A, Heineman B, Wu G J Clin Transl Hepatol. 2024; 11(7):1485-1497.

PMID: 38161502 PMC: 10752814. DOI: 10.14218/JCTH.2023.00067.

The Progress and Promise of RNA Medicine─An Arsenal of Targeted Treatments.

Sasso J, Ambrose B, Tenchov R, Datta R, Basel M, DeLong R J Med Chem. 2022; 65(10):6975-7015.

PMID: 35533054 PMC: 9115888. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00024.

Use of a Deep Learning Approach for the Sensitive Prediction of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Levels in Inactive Carrier Patients.

Kamimura H, Nonaka H, Mori M, Kobayashi T, Setsu T, Kamimura K J Clin Med. 2022; 11(2).

PMID: 35054079 PMC: 8779966. DOI: 10.3390/jcm11020387.

Novel Therapies of Hepatitis B and D.

Khan I, Dad Ullah M, Choudhry M, Ali M, Ali M, Lam S Microorganisms. 2021; 9(12).

PMID: 34946209 PMC: 8707465. DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9122607.

Cytokines and Chemokines in HBV Infection.

Zhong S, Zhang T, Tang L, Li Y Front Mol Biosci. 2021; 8:805625.

PMID: 34926586 PMC: 8674621. DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.805625.

References

Betancourt A, Delgado C, Estevez Z, Martinez J, Rios G, Aureoles-Rosello S . Phase I clinical trial in healthy adults of a nasal vaccine candidate containing recombinant hepatitis B surface and core antigens. Int J Infect Dis. 2007; 11(5):394-401. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2006.09.010. View

Bertoletti A, Gehring A . Therapeutic vaccination and novel strategies to treat chronic HBV infection. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009; 3(5):561-9. DOI: 10.1586/egh.09.48. View

Finnefrock A, Tang A, Li F, Freed D, Feng M, Cox K . PD-1 blockade in rhesus macaques: impact on chronic infection and prophylactic vaccination. J Immunol. 2009; 182(2):980-7. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.182.2.980. View

Lang T, Lo C, Skinner N, Locarnini S, Visvanathan K, Mansell A . The hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) targets and suppresses activation of the toll-like receptor signaling pathway. J Hepatol. 2011; 55(4):762-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2010.12.042. View

Thursz M, Yee L, Khakoo S . Understanding the host genetics of chronic hepatitis B and C. Semin Liver Dis. 2011; 31(2):115-27. DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1276642. View

Pol S, Michel M . Therapeutic vaccination in chronic hepatitis B virus carriers. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2006; 5(5):707-16. DOI: 10.1586/14760584.5.5.707. View

Xu D, Wang X, Shen X, Gong G, Ren H, Guo L . Results of a phase III clinical trial with an HBsAg-HBIG immunogenic complex therapeutic vaccine for chronic hepatitis B patients: experiences and findings. J Hepatol. 2013; 59(3):450-6. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2013.05.003. View

Carroll D . Genome engineering with zinc-finger nucleases. Genetics. 2011; 188(4):773-82. PMC: 3176093. DOI: 10.1534/genetics.111.131433. View

Barber D, Wherry E, Masopust D, Zhu B, Allison J, Sharpe A . Restoring function in exhausted CD8 T cells during chronic viral infection. Nature. 2005; 439(7077):682-7. DOI: 10.1038/nature04444. View

10.

Isogawa M, Robek M, Furuichi Y, Chisari F . Toll-like receptor signaling inhibits hepatitis B virus replication in vivo. J Virol. 2005; 79(11):7269-72. PMC: 1112123. DOI: 10.1128/JVI.79.11.7269-7272.2005. View

11.

An P, Winkler C, Guan L, OBrien S, Zeng Z . A common HLA-DPA1 variant is a major determinant of hepatitis B virus clearance in Han Chinese. J Infect Dis. 2011; 203(7):943-7. PMC: 3068033. DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiq154. View

12.

Kamatani Y, Wattanapokayakit S, Ochi H, Kawaguchi T, Takahashi A, Hosono N . A genome-wide association study identifies variants in the HLA-DP locus associated with chronic hepatitis B in Asians. Nat Genet. 2009; 41(5):591-5. DOI: 10.1038/ng.348. View

13.

Iloeje U, Yang H, Su J, Jen C, You S, Chen C . Predicting cirrhosis risk based on the level of circulating hepatitis B viral load. Gastroenterology. 2006; 130(3):678-86. DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2005.11.016. View

14.

Fang Z, Yang J, Ge X, Zhuang H, Gong J, Li R . Core promoter mutations (A(1762)T and G(1764)A) and viral genotype in chronic hepatitis B and hepatocellular carcinoma in Guangxi, China. J Med Virol. 2002; 68(1):33-40. DOI: 10.1002/jmv.10167. View

15.

Lopatin U, Wolfgang G, Tumas D, Frey C, Ohmstede C, Hesselgesser J . Safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of GS-9620, an oral Toll-like receptor 7 agonist. Antivir Ther. 2013; 18(3):409-18. DOI: 10.3851/IMP2548. View

16.

Katen S, Chirapu S, Finn M, Zlotnick A . Trapping of hepatitis B virus capsid assembly intermediates by phenylpropenamide assembly accelerators. ACS Chem Biol. 2010; 5(12):1125-36. PMC: 3003741. DOI: 10.1021/cb100275b. View

17.

Feld J, Colledge D, Sozzi V, Edwards R, Littlejohn M, Locarnini S . The phenylpropenamide derivative AT-130 blocks HBV replication at the level of viral RNA packaging. Antiviral Res. 2007; 76(2):168-77. DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2007.06.014. View

18.

Cai G, Karni A, Oliveira E, Weiner H, Hafler D, Freeman G . PD-1 ligands, negative regulators for activation of naive, memory, and recently activated human CD4+ T cells. Cell Immunol. 2004; 230(2):89-98. DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2004.09.004. View

19.

Brahmer J, Tykodi S, Chow L, Hwu W, Topalian S, Hwu P . Safety and activity of anti-PD-L1 antibody in patients with advanced cancer. N Engl J Med. 2012; 366(26):2455-65. PMC: 3563263. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1200694. View

20.

Heathcote E, Marcellin P, Buti M, Gane E, de Man R, Krastev Z . Three-year efficacy and safety of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate treatment for chronic hepatitis B. Gastroenterology. 2010; 140(1):132-43. DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2010.10.011. View