Toll-like Receptors As Developmental Tools That Regulate Neurogenesis During Development: an Update

Overview

Journal Front Neurosci

Date 2014 Sep 16

PMID 25221470

Citations 36

Authors

Boaz Barak

Noa Feldman

Eitan Okun

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Neurogenesis, the process of generating new neurons in the brain, fascinates researchers for its promise to affect multiple cognitive and functional processes in both health and disease. Many cellular pathways are involved in the regulation of neurogenesis, a complexity exemplified by the extensive regulation of this process during brain development. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), hallmarks of innate immunity, are increasingly implemented in various central nervous system plasticity-related processes including neurogenesis. As TLRs are involved in neurodegenerative disorders, understanding the involvement of TLRs in neurogenesis may hold keys for future therapeutic interventions. Herein, we describe the current knowledge on the involvement of TLRs in neurogenesis and neuronal plasticity and point to current knowledge gaps in the field.

Citing Articles

Toll-like receptors as a missing link in Notch signaling cascade during neurodevelopment.

Stojanovic M, Kalanj-Bognar S Front Mol Neurosci. 2024; 17:1465023.

PMID: 39664114 PMC: 11631889. DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1465023.

From Immunity to Neurogenesis: Toll-like Receptors as Versatile Regulators in the Nervous System.

Abarca-Merlin D, Martinez-Duran J, Medina-Perez J, Rodriguez-Santos G, Alvarez-Arellano L Int J Mol Sci. 2024; 25(11).

PMID: 38891900 PMC: 11171594. DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115711.

Triglycerides: A Sensitizer but Not a Trigger for Hypertriglyceridemic Acute Pancreatitis.

Wang L, Ren Y, Xu T, Geng J, Yang N, Wang R Dig Dis Sci. 2024; 69(6):2123-2131.

PMID: 38609542 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-024-08412-x.

Neonatal Exposure to Lipopolysaccharide Promotes Neurogenesis of Subventricular Zone Progenitors in the Developing Neocortex of Ferrets.

Sawada K, Kamiya S, Kobayashi T Int J Mol Sci. 2023; 24(19).

PMID: 37834410 PMC: 10573966. DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914962.

Immunostaining patterns reveal potential morphogenetic role of Toll-like receptors 4 and 7 in the development of mouse respiratory system, liver and pancreas.

Sommariva M, Busnelli M, Menegola E, Renzo F, Indino S, Menon A Anat Cell Biol. 2023; 56(2):228-235.

PMID: 36721253 PMC: 10319487. DOI: 10.5115/acb.22.221.

References

Kim Y, Zhou P, Qian L, Chuang J, Lee J, Li C . MyD88-5 links mitochondria, microtubules, and JNK3 in neurons and regulates neuronal survival. J Exp Med. 2007; 204(9):2063-74. PMC: 2118693. DOI: 10.1084/jem.20070868. View

Lakatosova S, Ostatnikova D . Reelin and its complex involvement in brain development and function. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2012; 44(9):1501-4. DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2012.06.002. View

Chen C, Lin C, Chang C, Jiang S, Hsueh Y . Sarm1, a negative regulator of innate immunity, interacts with syndecan-2 and regulates neuronal morphology. J Cell Biol. 2011; 193(4):769-84. PMC: 3166868. DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201008050. View

Okun E, Griffioen K, Son T, Lee J, Roberts N, Mughal M . TLR2 activation inhibits embryonic neural progenitor cell proliferation. J Neurochem. 2010; 114(2):462-74. PMC: 2910143. DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06778.x. View

Okun E, Griffioen K, Mattson M . Toll-like receptor signaling in neural plasticity and disease. Trends Neurosci. 2011; 34(5):269-81. PMC: 3095763. DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2011.02.005. View

Kaul D, Habbel P, Derkow K, Kruger C, Franzoni E, Wulczyn F . Expression of Toll-like receptors in the developing brain. PLoS One. 2012; 7(5):e37767. PMC: 3364272. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037767. View

Kahoud R, Elsen G, Hevner R, Hodge R . Conditional ablation of Tbr2 results in abnormal development of the olfactory bulbs and subventricular zone-rostral migratory stream. Dev Dyn. 2014; 243(3):440-50. PMC: 3992892. DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24090. View

Ma C, Xu C, Duan L, He W . The intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes with t cell receptor alphabeta express toll-like receptor 4 and are responsive to lipopolysaccharide. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2006; 141(4):401-7. DOI: 10.1159/000095468. View

Lin C, Liu H, Chen C, Hsueh Y . Neuronally-expressed Sarm1 regulates expression of inflammatory and antiviral cytokines in brains. Innate Immun. 2013; 20(2):161-72. DOI: 10.1177/1753425913485877. View

10.

Gage F . Mammalian neural stem cells. Science. 2000; 287(5457):1433-8. DOI: 10.1126/science.287.5457.1433. View

11.

Duan X, Kang E, Liu C, Ming G, Song H . Development of neural stem cell in the adult brain. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2008; 18(1):108-15. PMC: 2464621. DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2008.04.001. View

12.

Ernst A, Alkass K, Bernard S, Salehpour M, Perl S, Tisdale J . Neurogenesis in the striatum of the adult human brain. Cell. 2014; 156(5):1072-83. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.01.044. View

13.

Chuang C, Bargmann C . A Toll-interleukin 1 repeat protein at the synapse specifies asymmetric odorant receptor expression via ASK1 MAPKKK signaling. Genes Dev. 2004; 19(2):270-81. PMC: 545892. DOI: 10.1101/gad.1276505. View

14.

Quintin J, Asmar J, Matskevich A, Lafarge M, Ferrandon D . The Drosophila Toll pathway controls but does not clear Candida glabrata infections. J Immunol. 2013; 190(6):2818-27. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1201861. View

15.

Kawai T, Akira S . TLR signaling. Semin Immunol. 2007; 19(1):24-32. DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2006.12.004. View

16.

Valanne S, Wang J, Ramet M . The Drosophila Toll signaling pathway. J Immunol. 2011; 186(2):649-56. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1002302. View

17.

Osterloh J, Yang J, Rooney T, Fox A, Adalbert R, Powell E . dSarm/Sarm1 is required for activation of an injury-induced axon death pathway. Science. 2012; 337(6093):481-4. PMC: 5225956. DOI: 10.1126/science.1223899. View

18.

Sasai M, Yamamoto M . Pathogen recognition receptors: ligands and signaling pathways by Toll-like receptors. Int Rev Immunol. 2013; 32(2):116-33. DOI: 10.3109/08830185.2013.774391. View

19.

Janssens S, Beyaert R . A universal role for MyD88 in TLR/IL-1R-mediated signaling. Trends Biochem Sci. 2002; 27(9):474-82. DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0004(02)02145-x. View

20.

Akers K, Martinez-Canabal A, Restivo L, Yiu A, De Cristofaro A, Hsiang H . Hippocampal neurogenesis regulates forgetting during adulthood and infancy. Science. 2014; 344(6184):598-602. DOI: 10.1126/science.1248903. View