Blood Pressure Reference Values for European Non-overweight School Children: the IDEFICS Study

Overview

Journal Int J Obes (Lond)

Specialty Endocrinology

Date 2014 Sep 16

PMID 25219411

Citations 33

Authors

G Barba

C Buck

K Bammann

C Hadjigeorgiou

A Hebestreit

S Marild

D Molnar

P Russo

T Veidebaum

K Vyncke

W Ahrens

L A Moreno

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objectives: To provide oscillometric blood pressure (BP) reference values in European non-overweight school children.

Design: Cross-sectional analysis from the IDEFICS study (www.ideficsstudy.eu) database.

Methods: Standardised BP and anthropometric measures were obtained from children aged 2 to 10.9 years, participating in the 2007-2008 and 2009-2010 IDEFICS surveys. Age- and height-specific systolic and diastolic pressure percentiles were calculated by GAMLSS, separately for boys and girls, in both the entire population (n=16,937) and the non-overweight children only (n=13,547). The robustness of the models was tested by sensitivity analyses carried out in both population samples.

Results: Percentiles of BP distribution in non-overweight children were provided by age and height strata, separately for boys and girls. Diastolic BP norms were slightly higher in girls than in boys for similar age and height, while systolic BP values tended to be higher in boys starting from age 5 years. Sensitivity analysis, comparing BP distributions obtained in all children with those of non-overweight children, showed that the inclusion of overweight/obese individuals shifted the references values upward, in particular systolic BP in girls at the extreme percentiles.

Conclusions: The present analysis provides updated and timely information about reference values for BP in children aged 2 to <11 years that may be useful for monitoring and planning population strategies for disease prevention.

Citing Articles

Cardiovascular risk factors and its patterns of change between 4 and 8 years of age in the INMA-Asturias cohort.

Fernandez-Iglesias R, Fernandez-Somoano A, Rodriguez-Dehli C, Venta-Obaya R, Riano-Galan I, Tardon A PLoS One. 2023; 18(4):e0283799.

PMID: 37043453 PMC: 10096221. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283799.

Effects of a High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) Program on Anthropomorphic and Cardiometabolic Variables in School Children with Overweight and Obesity.

Silva J, Latorre Roman P, Cabrera Linares J, Montilla J, Salazar C Children (Basel). 2023; 10(2).

PMID: 36832446 PMC: 9955470. DOI: 10.3390/children10020317.

Association between Urinary Advanced Glycation End Products and Subclinical Inflammation in Children and Adolescents: Results from the Italian I.Family Cohort.

Borriello M, Lauria F, Sirangelo I, Aleksandrova K, Hebestreit A, Siani A Nutrients. 2022; 14(19).

PMID: 36235787 PMC: 9571918. DOI: 10.3390/nu14194135.

The compatibility of new blood pressure reference values for Korean children and adolescents with the US reference: the Korean Working Group of Pediatric Hypertension.

Kim S, Song Y, An H, Shin J, Oh J, Lee J Clin Hypertens. 2022; 28(1):19.

PMID: 35915509 PMC: 9341068. DOI: 10.1186/s40885-022-00200-x.

The prevalence of hypertension in Chinese adolescents aged 15-17 years: A comparison of different criteria.

Zhou H, Li S, Wang X, Chen Z, Zhang L, Shao L J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2022; 24(4):378-384.

PMID: 35297171 PMC: 8989742. DOI: 10.1111/jch.14462.

References

Sun S, Grave G, Siervogel R, Pickoff A, Arslanian S, Daniels S . Systolic blood pressure in childhood predicts hypertension and metabolic syndrome later in life. Pediatrics. 2007; 119(2):237-46. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2006-2543. View

Chen X, Wang Y . Tracking of blood pressure from childhood to adulthood: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis. Circulation. 2008; 117(25):3171-80. PMC: 3568631. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.730366. View

. The fourth report on the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure in children and adolescents. Pediatrics. 2004; 114(2 Suppl 4th Report):555-76. View

Neuhauser H, Thamm M, Ellert U, Hense H, Schaffrath Rosario A . Blood pressure percentiles by age and height from nonoverweight children and adolescents in Germany. Pediatrics. 2011; 127(4):e978-88. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2010-1290. View

Alpert B . Validation of the Welch Allyn Spot Vital Signs blood pressure device according to the ANSI/AAMI SP10: 2002. Accuracy and cost-efficiency successfully combined. Blood Press Monit. 2007; 12(5):345-7. DOI: 10.1097/MBP.0b013e3282c9abf7. View

Chiolero A, Bovet P, Paradis G . Screening for elevated blood pressure in children and adolescents: a critical appraisal. JAMA Pediatr. 2013; 167(3):266-73. DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.438. View

Barba G, Casullo C, Dello Russo M, Russo P, Nappo A, Lauria F . Gender-related differences in the relationships between blood pressure, age, and body size in prepubertal children. Am J Hypertens. 2008; 21(9):1007-10. DOI: 10.1038/ajh.2008.228. View

Barba G, Troiano E, Russo P, Strazzullo P, Siani A . Body mass, fat distribution and blood pressure in Southern Italian children: results of the ARCA project. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2006; 16(4):239-48. DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2006.02.005. View

Maffeis C, Pietrobelli A, Grezzani A, Provera S, Tato L . Waist circumference and cardiovascular risk factors in prepubertal children. Obes Res. 2001; 9(3):179-87. DOI: 10.1038/oby.2001.19. View

10.

Cole T, Stanojevic S, Stocks J, Coates A, Hankinson J, Wade A . Age- and size-related reference ranges: a case study of spirometry through childhood and adulthood. Stat Med. 2008; 28(5):880-98. PMC: 2798072. DOI: 10.1002/sim.3504. View

11.

Aguilar A, Ostrow V, De Luca F, Suarez E . Elevated ambulatory blood pressure in a multi-ethnic population of obese children and adolescents. J Pediatr. 2010; 156(6):930-935. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.12.028. View

12.

Rosner B, Cook N, Portman R, Daniels S, Falkner B . Determination of blood pressure percentiles in normal-weight children: some methodological issues. Am J Epidemiol. 2008; 167(6):653-66. DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwm348. View

13.

Dasgupta K, OLoughlin J, Chen S, Karp I, Paradis G, Tremblay J . Emergence of sex differences in prevalence of high systolic blood pressure: analysis of a longitudinal adolescent cohort. Circulation. 2006; 114(24):2663-70. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.624536. View

14.

Falkner B, Gidding S, Portman R, Rosner B . Blood pressure variability and classification of prehypertension and hypertension in adolescence. Pediatrics. 2008; 122(2):238-42. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2007-2776. View

15.

Neuhauser H, Schaffrath Rosario A, Thamm M, Ellert U . Prevalence of children with blood pressure measurements exceeding adult cutoffs for optimal blood pressure in Germany. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2009; 16(2):195-200. DOI: 10.1097/HJR.0b013e3283271e6c. View

16.

Turi S, Barath A, Boda K, Tichy M, Karoly E . Blood pressure reference tables for Hungarian adolescents aged 11-16 years. Kidney Blood Press Res. 2008; 31(1):63-9. DOI: 10.1159/000115519. View

17.

Medina R, Aranda E, Verdugo C, Kato S, Owen G . The action of ovarian hormones in cardiovascular disease. Biol Res. 2003; 36(3-4):325-41. DOI: 10.4067/s0716-97602003000300005. View

18.

Menghetti E, Virdis R, Strambi M, Patriarca V, Riccioni M, Fossali E . Blood pressure in childhood and adolescence: the Italian normal standards. Study Group on Hypertension' of the Italian Society of Pediatrics'. J Hypertens. 1999; 17(10):1363-72. DOI: 10.1097/00004872-199917100-00002. View

19.

Jackson L, Thalange N, Cole T . Blood pressure centiles for Great Britain. Arch Dis Child. 2006; 92(4):298-303. PMC: 2083671. DOI: 10.1136/adc.2005.081216. View

20.

Barba G, Giacco R, Clemente G, Venezia A, Russo P, Grimaldi C . The BRAVO project: screening for childhood obesity in a primary school setting. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2002; 11(4 Suppl):103-8. View