Insights into Morphology and Disease from the Dog Genome Project

Overview

Journal Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol

Publisher Annual Reviews

Specialty Cell Biology

Date 2014 Jul 26

PMID 25062362

Citations 49

Authors

Jeffrey J Schoenebeck

Elaine A Ostrander

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Although most modern dog breeds are less than 200 years old, the symbiosis between man and dog is ancient. Since prehistoric times, repeated selection events have transformed the wolf into man's guardians, laborers, athletes, and companions. The rapid transformation from pack predator to loyal companion is a feat that is arguably unique among domesticated animals. How this transformation came to pass remained a biological mystery until recently: Within the past decade, the deployment of genomic approaches to study population structure, detect signatures of selection, and identify genetic variants that underlie canine phenotypes is ushering into focus novel biological mechanisms that make dogs remarkable. Ironically, the very practices responsible for breed formation also spurned morbidity; today, many diseases are correlated with breed identity. In this review, we discuss man's best friend in the context of a genetic model to understand paradigms of heritable phenotypes, both desirable and disadvantageous.

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