Eicosanomic Profiling Reveals Dominance of the Epoxygenase Pathway in Human Amniotic Fluid at Term in Spontaneous Labor

Overview

Journal FASEB J

Specialties Biology
Physiology

Date 2014 Jul 26

PMID 25059230

Citations 59

Authors

Krishna Rao Maddipati

Roberto Romero

Tinnakorn Chaiworapongsa

Sen-Lin Zhou

Zhonghui Xu

Adi L Tarca

Juan Pedro Kusanovic

Hernan Munoz

Kenneth V Honn

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Lipid mediators play an important role in reproductive biology, especially, in parturition. Enhanced biosynthesis of eicosanoids, such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and PGF2α, precedes the onset of labor as a result of increased expression of inducible cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) in placental tissues. Metabolism of arachidonic acid results in bioactive lipid mediators beyond prostaglandins that could significantly influence myometrial activity. Therefore, an unbiased lipidomic approach was used to profile the arachidonic acid metabolome of amniotic fluid. In this study, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used for the first time to quantitate these metabolites in human amniotic fluid by comparing patients at midtrimester, at term but not in labor, and at term and in spontaneous labor. In addition to exposing novel aspects of COX pathway metabolism, this lipidomic study revealed a dramatic increase in epoxygenase- and lipoxygenase-pathway-derived lipid mediators in spontaneous labor with remarkable product selectivity. Despite their recognition as anti-inflammatory lipid mediators and regulators of ion channels, little is known about the epoxygenase pathway in labor. Epoxygenase pathway metabolites are established regulators of vascular homeostasis in cardiovascular and renal physiology. Their presence as the dominant lipid mediators in spontaneous labor at term portends a yet undiscovered physiological function in parturition.

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