Dietary Restraint is Non-genetically Associated with Change in Body Mass Index: the Healthy Twin Study

Overview

Journal Yonsei Med J

Specialty General Medicine

Date 2014 Jun 24

PMID 24954348

Citations 1

Authors

Joohon Sung

Kayoung Lee

Yun-Mi Song

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Purpose: We aimed to examine if past and more recent body mass index (BMI) changes are associated with eating behavior (EB) traits and whether these associations are due to non-genetic factors.

Materials And Methods: In 1321 Korean twins and family members, recent and past BMI change groups were defined using quartiles of BMI change between first and second visits over 2.4±0.9 years and BMI change between 20 years old and second visit, respectively. We applied linear mixed analysis for relationships of past or recent BMI change groups and each EB (restrained, external, and emotional EB using the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire) assessed at second visit after adjusting for household effect and covariates (age, gender, education, medical history of diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, alcohol use, physical activity, smoking habit, and calorie intake). In monozygotic twin pairs, paired t-test for within-pair comparison and conditional logistic regression analysis were conducted regarding EB.

Results: Greater past BMI change was associated with higher restrained eating scores (P for trend=0.031), whereas greater recent BMI change was associated with higher external eating scores (P for trend=0.046). In co-twin-control analysis, twins with greater past BMI change were more likely to have higher restrained eating scores as compared with their co-twins with lower past BMI change (odds ratio 1.80; 95% confidence interval 1.13-2.87), whereas there were no associations between recent BMI change and external eating scores.

Conclusion: Greater BMI change since 20 years old is associated with higher dietary restraint, and non-genetic factors explain this relationship.

Citing Articles

Emotional Eating as a Mediator in the Relationship between Dietary Restraint and Body Weight.

Wang Y, Ho M, Chau P, Schembre S, Fong D Nutrients. 2023; 15(8).

PMID: 37111204 PMC: 10141227. DOI: 10.3390/nu15081983.

References

Stunkard A, Messick S . The three-factor eating questionnaire to measure dietary restraint, disinhibition and hunger. J Psychosom Res. 1985; 29(1):71-83. DOI: 10.1016/0022-3999(85)90010-8. View

Wing R, Phelan S . Long-term weight loss maintenance. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005; 82(1 Suppl):222S-225S. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/82.1.222S. View

Dalle Grave R, Calugi S, Corica F, di Domizio S, Marchesini G . Psychological variables associated with weight loss in obese patients seeking treatment at medical centers. J Am Diet Assoc. 2009; 109(12):2010-6. DOI: 10.1016/j.jada.2009.09.011. View

van Strien T, Herman C, Engels R, Larsen J, van Leeuwe J . Construct validation of the Restraint Scale in normal-weight and overweight females. Appetite. 2007; 49(1):109-21. DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2007.01.003. View

Hays N, Roberts S . Aspects of eating behaviors "disinhibition" and "restraint" are related to weight gain and BMI in women. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2008; 16(1):52-8. PMC: 2713727. DOI: 10.1038/oby.2007.12. View

Niemeier H, Phelan S, Fava J, Wing R . Internal disinhibition predicts weight regain following weight loss and weight loss maintenance. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2007; 15(10):2485-94. DOI: 10.1038/oby.2007.295. View

Teixeira P, Silva M, Coutinho S, Palmeira A, Mata J, Vieira P . Mediators of weight loss and weight loss maintenance in middle-aged women. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2009; 18(4):725-35. DOI: 10.1038/oby.2009.281. View

Song Y, Lee K, Sung J, Yang Y, Yang Y . Changes in eating behaviors and body weight in Koreans: the Healthy Twin Study. Nutrition. 2012; 29(1):66-70. DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2012.03.014. View

Johnson F, Pratt M, Wardle J . Dietary restraint and self-regulation in eating behavior. Int J Obes (Lond). 2011; 36(5):665-74. DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2011.156. View

10.

Chaput J, Sjodin A, Astrup A, Despres J, Bouchard C, Tremblay A . Risk factors for adult overweight and obesity: the importance of looking beyond the 'big two'. Obes Facts. 2010; 3(5):320-7. PMC: 6452136. DOI: 10.1159/000321398. View

11.

Song Y, Lee D, Lee M, Lee K, Lee H, Hong E . Validity of the zygosity questionnaire and characteristics of zygosity-misdiagnosed twin pairs in the Healthy Twin Study of Korea. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2010; 13(3):223-30. DOI: 10.1375/twin.13.3.223. View

12.

Perry G, Byers T, Mokdad A, Serdula M, Williamson D . The validity of self-reports of past body weights by U.S. adults. Epidemiology. 1995; 6(1):61-6. DOI: 10.1097/00001648-199501000-00012. View

13.

Sung J, Cho S, Lee K, Ha M, Choi E, Choi J . Healthy Twin: a twin-family study of Korea--protocols and current status. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2007; 9(6):844-8. DOI: 10.1375/183242706779462822. View

14.

Schur E, Heckbert S, Goldberg J . The association of restrained eating with weight change over time in a community-based sample of twins. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2010; 18(6):1146-52. PMC: 3954714. DOI: 10.1038/oby.2009.506. View

15.

Sung J, Lee K, Song Y, Lee M, Lee D . Heritability of eating behavior assessed using the DEBQ (Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire) and weight-related traits: the Healthy Twin Study. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2009; 18(5):1000-5. DOI: 10.1038/oby.2009.389. View

16.

van Strien T, Herman C, Verheijden M . Eating style, overeating, and overweight in a representative Dutch sample. Does external eating play a role?. Appetite. 2008; 52(2):380-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2008.11.010. View

17.

Chaput J, Leblanc C, Perusse L, Despres J, Bouchard C, Tremblay A . Risk factors for adult overweight and obesity in the Quebec Family Study: have we been barking up the wrong tree?. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2009; 17(10):1964-70. DOI: 10.1038/oby.2009.116. View

18.

Savage J, Hoffman L, Birch L . Dieting, restraint, and disinhibition predict women's weight change over 6 y. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009; 90(1):33-40. PMC: 2696993. DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.2008.26558. View

19.

Craig C, Marshall A, Sjostrom M, Bauman A, Booth M, Ainsworth B . International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003; 35(8):1381-95. DOI: 10.1249/01.MSS.0000078924.61453.FB. View

20.

Korkeila M, Rissanen A, Kaprio J, Sorensen T, Koskenvuo M . Weight-loss attempts and risk of major weight gain: a prospective study in Finnish adults. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999; 70(6):965-75. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/70.6.965. View