Porcine Circovirus Type 2 in China: an Update on and Insights to Its Prevalence and Control

Overview

Journal Virol J

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Microbiology

Date 2014 Jun 3

PMID 24885983

Citations 44

Authors

Shao-Lun Zhai

Sheng-Nan Chen

Zhi-Hong Xu

Man-Hua Tang

Feng-Guo Wang

Xiao-Jing Li

Bei-Bei Sun

Su-Fang Deng

Jun Hu

Dian-Hong Lv

Xiao-Hui Wen

Jie Yuan

Man-Lin Luo

Wen-Kang Wei

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Currently, porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is considered the major pathogen of porcine circovirus associated-diseases (PCVAD) that causes large economic losses for the swine industry in the world annually, including China. Since the first report of PCV2 in 1998, it has been drawing tremendous attention for the government, farming enterprises, farmers, and veterinary practitioners. Chinese researchers have conducted a number of molecular epidemiological work on PCV2 by molecular approaches in the past several years, which has resulted in the identification of novel PCV2 genotypes and PCV2-like agents as well as the description of new prevalence patterns. Since late 2009, commercial PCV2 vaccines, including the subunit vaccines and inactivated vaccines, have already been used in Chinese swine farms. The aim of this review is to update the insights into the prevalence and control of PCV2 in China, which would contribute to understanding the epidemiology, control measures and design of novel vaccines for PCV2.

Citing Articles

Detection of PCV2d in Vaccinated Pigs in Colombia and Prediction of Vaccine T Cell Epitope Coverage against Circulating Strains Using EpiCC Analysis.

Vargas-Bermudez D, Gil-Silva A, Naranjo-Ortiz M, Mogollon J, Gomez-Betancur J, Estrada J Vaccines (Basel). 2024; 12(10).

PMID: 39460286 PMC: 11511301. DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12101119.

Establishment and preliminary application of duplex fluorescence quantitative PCR for porcine circoviruses type 2 and type 3.

Gao Y, Wang Q, Zhang S, Zhao J, Bao D, Zhao H Heliyon. 2024; 10(11):e31779.

PMID: 38868040 PMC: 11167290. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31779.

Identification of the Effects of 5-Azacytidine on Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Replication in Porcine Kidney Cells.

Shan Y, Xiao Q, He K, Wu S, Bao W, Wu Z Vet Sci. 2024; 11(3).

PMID: 38535869 PMC: 10974319. DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11030135.

Molecular analysis of canine circovirus in dogs from animal shelters in Belém, Pará, northern Brazil: first detection at the amazon region.

Cardoso B, de Deus D, Sousa E, da Costa Pinheiro K, Costa J, Maues M Braz J Vet Med. 2023; 45:e000723.

PMID: 37859867 PMC: 10583600. DOI: 10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm000723.

Epizootiological surveillance of porcine circoviruses in free-ranging wild boars in China.

Gong W, Du H, Wang T, Sun H, Peng P, Qin S Virol Sin. 2023; 38(5):663-670.

PMID: 37660950 PMC: 10590700. DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2023.08.008.

References

Wen L, He K, Yu Z, Mao A, Ni Y, Zhang X . Complete genome sequence of a novel porcine circovirus-like agent. J Virol. 2011; 86(1):639. PMC: 3255878. DOI: 10.1128/JVI.06469-11. View

Deng Y, Sun C, Cao S, Lin T, Yuan S, Zhang H . High prevalence of bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 in Chinese swine herds. Vet Microbiol. 2012; 159(3-4):490-3. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.04.023. View

Lefebvre D, Costers S, Van Doorsselaere J, Misinzo G, Delputte P, Nauwynck H . Antigenic differences among porcine circovirus type 2 strains, as demonstrated by the use of monoclonal antibodies. J Gen Virol. 2007; 89(Pt 1):177-187. DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.83280-0. View

Victoria J, Wang C, Jones M, Jaing C, McLoughlin K, Gardner S . Viral nucleic acids in live-attenuated vaccines: detection of minority variants and an adventitious virus. J Virol. 2010; 84(12):6033-40. PMC: 2876658. DOI: 10.1128/JVI.02690-09. View

Wang C, Pang V, Jeng C, Lee F, Huang Y, Lin Y . Detection of porcine circovirus type 1 in commercial porcine vaccines by loop-mediated isothermal amplification. Folia Microbiol (Praha). 2011; 56(6):483-9. PMC: 3251781. DOI: 10.1007/s12223-011-0072-7. View

Opriessnig T, Patterson A, Madson D, Pal N, Halbur P . Comparison of efficacy of commercial one dose and two dose PCV2 vaccines using a mixed PRRSV-PCV2-SIV clinical infection model 2-3-months post vaccination. Vaccine. 2008; 27(7):1002-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.11.105. View

Larochelle R, Magar R, DAllaire S . Genetic characterization and phylogenetic analysis of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) strains from cases presenting various clinical conditions. Virus Res. 2002; 90(1-2):101-12. DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1702(02)00141-7. View

Jiang Y, Shang H, Xu H, Zhu L, Chen W, Zhao L . Simultaneous detection of porcine circovirus type 2, classical swine fever virus, porcine parvovirus and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in pigs by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Vet J. 2009; 183(2):172-5. DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2008.11.016. View

Ma C, Hon C, Lam T, Li V, Wong C, de Oliveira T . Evidence for recombination in natural populations of porcine circovirus type 2 in Hong Kong and mainland China. J Gen Virol. 2007; 88(Pt 6):1733-1737. DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.82629-0. View

10.

Madson D, Ramamoorthy S, Kuster C, Pal N, Meng X, Halbur P . Infectivity of porcine circovirus type 2 DNA in semen from experimentally-infected boars. Vet Res. 2008; 40(1):10. PMC: 2695020. DOI: 10.1051/vetres:2008048. View

11.

Wang F, Guo X, Ge X, Wang Z, Chen Y, Cha Z . Genetic variation analysis of Chinese strains of porcine circovirus type 2. Virus Res. 2009; 145(1):151-6. DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2009.05.015. View

12.

Ma H, Shaheduzzaman S, Willliams D, Gao Y, Khan A . Investigations of porcine circovirus type 1 (PCV1) in vaccine-related and other cell lines. Vaccine. 2011; 29(46):8429-37. DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.07.123. View

13.

Segales J, Urniza A, Alegre A, Bru T, Crisci E, Nofrarias M . A genetically engineered chimeric vaccine against porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) improves clinical, pathological and virological outcomes in postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome affected farms. Vaccine. 2009; 27(52):7313-21. DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.09.084. View

14.

Rosell C, Segales J, Ramos-Vara J, Folch J, Rodriguez-Arrioja G, Duran C . Identification of porcine circovirus in tissues of pigs with porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome. Vet Rec. 2000; 146(2):40-3. DOI: 10.1136/vr.146.2.40. View

15.

Huang Y, Shao M, Xu X, Zhang X, Du Q, Zhao X . Evidence for different patterns of natural inter-genotype recombination between two PCV2 parental strains in the field. Virus Res. 2013; 175(1):78-86. DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2013.03.014. View

16.

Grau-Roma L, Fraile L, Segales J . Recent advances in the epidemiology, diagnosis and control of diseases caused by porcine circovirus type 2. Vet J. 2010; 187(1):23-32. DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2010.01.018. View

17.

de Boisseson C, Beven V, Bigarre L, Thiery R, Rose N, Eveno E . Molecular characterization of Porcine circovirus type 2 isolates from post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome-affected and non-affected pigs. J Gen Virol. 2004; 85(Pt 2):293-304. DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.19536-0. View

18.

Pejsak Z, Podgorska K, Truszczynski M, Karbowiak P, Stadejek T . Efficacy of different protocols of vaccination against porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) in a farm affected by postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 2009; 33(6):e1-5. DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2009.09.006. View

19.

Zhai S, Long J, Wei W, Chen Q, Luo M, Lv D . High prevalence of torque teno sus virus in China and genetic diversity of the 5' non-coding region. Arch Virol. 2013; 158(7):1567-73. DOI: 10.1007/s00705-013-1644-4. View

20.

Guo L, Lu Y, Wei Y, Huang L, Liu C . Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2): genetic variation and newly emerging genotypes in China. Virol J. 2010; 7:273. PMC: 2967541. DOI: 10.1186/1743-422X-7-273. View