Does Statin or ASA Affect Survival When Prostate Cancer Is Treated with External Beam Radiation Therapy?

Overview

Journal Prostate Cancer

Publisher Wiley

Date 2014 Apr 15

PMID 24729876

Citations 20

Authors

J Caon

M Paquette

J Hamm

T Pickles

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background. Prior studies evaluating the effect of statins or acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) on the survival of men receiving prostate cancer were treatment have reported conflicting results, and have not adjusted for comorbidity. Our aim is to investigate the influence of statins and ASA on prostate cancer survival, when comorbidity is adjusted for, in men treated with external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) for prostate cancer. Methods. A cohort of 3851 patients with prostate cancer treated with curative EBRT ± androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) between 2000 and 2007. Stage, treatment, medication use, and Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) scores were analyzed. Results. Median followup was 8.4 years. Mean age was 70.3 years. Neoadjuvant ADT was used in 67%. Statins were used in 23%, ASA in 24%, and both in 11%. Comorbidity scores were 0 in 65%, 1 in 25%, and ≥2 in 10% of patients. Statin and ASA use were associated with increased age and comorbidity. Although statin and ASA use were significantly associated with improved prostate cancer specific survival (PCSS) on univariate analysis, neither were on multivariate analysis. Conclusion. Neither statin nor ASA use impacted PCSS on multivariate competing risks analysis. Survival was impacted by increased comorbidity as well as statin and ASA use.

Citing Articles

Statin use after cancer diagnosis and survival among patients with cancer.

Guo H, Malone K, Heckbert S, Li C Cancer Causes Control. 2024; .

PMID: 39719543 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-024-01939-4.

Effect of aspirin on incidence, recurrence, and mortality in prostate cancer patients: integrating evidence from randomized controlled trials and real-world studies.

Ma S, Xia W, Wu B, Sun C, Jiang Y, Liu H Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2023; 79(11):1475-1503.

PMID: 37648741 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-023-03556-7.

Statin Use Is Associated with Better Prognosis of Patients with Prostate Cancer after Definite Therapies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies.

An Y, Sun J, Xu M, Liu C, Xu J, Zhong X J Oncol. 2022; 2022:9275466.

PMID: 36425939 PMC: 9681552. DOI: 10.1155/2022/9275466.

The Effects of Statins on Prostate Cancer Patients Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy or Definitive Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Hou Y, Shao Y Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2022; 15(2).

PMID: 35215243 PMC: 8875347. DOI: 10.3390/ph15020131.

Association of statins use and mortality outcomes in prostate cancer patients who received androgen deprivation therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aydh A, Sari Motlagh R, Alshyarba M, Mori K, Katayama S, Grossmann N Cent European J Urol. 2022; 74(4):484-490.

PMID: 35083066 PMC: 8771132. DOI: 10.5173/ceju.2021.0260.

References

Mener D . Prostate specific antigen reduction following statin therapy: Mechanism of action and review of the literature. IUBMB Life. 2010; 62(8):584-90. DOI: 10.1002/iub.355. View

Murtola T . Statin use is associated with improved prostate cancer survival: is it time for a clinical trial?. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2010; 10(10):1563-7. DOI: 10.1586/era.10.137. View

Moyad M, Merrick G, Butler W, Wallner K, Galbreath R, Kurko B . Statins, especially atorvastatin, may favorably influence clinical presentation and biochemical progression-free survival after brachytherapy for clinically localized prostate cancer. Urology. 2005; 66(6):1150-4. DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2005.08.053. View

Hamilton R, Banez L, Aronson W, Terris M, Platz E, Kane C . Statin medication use and the risk of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy: results from the Shared Equal Access Regional Cancer Hospital (SEARCH) Database. Cancer. 2010; 116(14):3389-98. PMC: 3188453. DOI: 10.1002/cncr.25308. View

Charlson M, Pompei P, Ales K, MacKenzie C . A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Dis. 1987; 40(5):373-83. DOI: 10.1016/0021-9681(87)90171-8. View

Harris R, Beebe-Donk J, Doss H, Burr Doss D . Aspirin, ibuprofen, and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in cancer prevention: a critical review of non-selective COX-2 blockade (review). Oncol Rep. 2005; 13(4):559-83. View

Dhillon P, Kenfield S, Stampfer M, Giovannucci E, Chan J . Aspirin use after a prostate cancer diagnosis and cancer survival in a prospective cohort. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2012; 5(10):1223-8. PMC: 3526345. DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-12-0171. View

DAmico A . Statin use and the risk of prostate-specific antigen recurrence after radiation therapy with or without hormone therapy for prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2010; 28(16):2651-2. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2010.28.5809. View

Blais L, Desgagne A, LeLorier J . 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors and the risk of cancer: a nested case-control study. Arch Intern Med. 2000; 160(15):2363-8. DOI: 10.1001/archinte.160.15.2363. View

10.

Shannon J, Tewoderos S, Garzotto M, Beer T, Derenick R, Palma A . Statins and prostate cancer risk: a case-control study. Am J Epidemiol. 2005; 162(4):318-25. DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwi203. View

11.

Kollmeier M, Katz M, Mak K, Yamada Y, Feder D, Zhang Z . Improved biochemical outcomes with statin use in patients with high-risk localized prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2010; 79(3):713-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.12.006. View

12.

Rijo Mora E, Garin J, Bielsa Gali O, Frances Comalat A, Fumado Ciutat L, Arango Toro O . [The impact of statins use in clinically localized prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy]. Actas Urol Esp. 2009; 33(4):351-5. DOI: 10.1016/s0210-4806(09)74159-2. View

13.

Yokomizo A, Shiota M, Kashiwagi E, Kuroiwa K, Tatsugami K, Inokuchi J . Statins reduce the androgen sensitivity and cell proliferation by decreasing the androgen receptor protein in prostate cancer cells. Prostate. 2010; 71(3):298-304. DOI: 10.1002/pros.21243. View

14.

Choe K, Correa D, Jani A, Liauw S . The use of anticoagulants improves biochemical control of localized prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy. Cancer. 2010; 116(7):1820-6. DOI: 10.1002/cncr.24890. View

15.

Soto D, Daignault S, Sandler H, Ray M . No effect of statins on biochemical outcomes after radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer. Urology. 2008; 73(1):158-62. DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2008.02.055. View

16.

Yang L, Egger M, Plattner R, Klocker H, Eder I . Lovastatin causes diminished PSA secretion by inhibiting AR expression and function in LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Urology. 2011; 77(6):1508.e1-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2010.12.074. View

17.

Falanga A, Marchetti M, Vignoli A, Balducci D . Clotting mechanisms and cancer: implications in thrombus formation and tumor progression. Clin Adv Hematol Oncol. 2005; 1(11):673-8. View

18.

Krane L, Kaul S, Stricker H, Peabody J, Menon M, Agarwal P . Men presenting for radical prostatectomy on preoperative statin therapy have reduced serum prostate specific antigen. J Urol. 2009; 183(1):118-24. DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2009.08.151. View

19.

Zacharski L, Henderson W, Rickles F, FORMAN W, Cornell Jr C, Forcier R . Effect of warfarin anticoagulation on survival in carcinoma of the lung, colon, head and neck, and prostate. Final report of VA Cooperative Study #75. Cancer. 1984; 53(10):2046-52. DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(19840515)53:10<2046::aid-cncr2820531007>3.0.co;2-f. View

20.

Hamilton R, Goldberg K, Platz E, Freedland S . The influence of statin medications on prostate-specific antigen levels. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2008; 100(21):1511-8. DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djn362. View