Effect of Air Temperature on the Rectal Temperature Gradient at Rest and During Exercise

Overview

Journal Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol

Date 2014 Mar 26

PMID 24665360

Citations 4

Authors

Michael J Buono

Brittany Holloway

Ashley Levine

Cary Rasmussen

Fred W Kolkhorst

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The purpose of the current study was to determine the effect of air temperature on the rectal temperature gradient at rest and during exercise. It was hypothesized that the rectal temperature gradient would be exacerbated in cold environments and attenuated in warm environments both at rest and during exercise. Each subject completed three exercise bouts on a motor driven treadmill at approximately 55% of their previously determined maximal oxygen uptake. Three different air temperatures (10, 22, 39°C) were used for the exercise bouts. Rectal temperature was measured at rest and every 5 min during each exercise bout using 4 temperature sensors affixed at 4, 7, 10 and 13 cm past the anal sphincter. Readings obtained from the 4-cm depth were significantly (p<0.05) lower than those obtained at deeper insertion depths both at rest and during exercise for all three air temperatures. Furthermore, the results showed that the rectal temperature gradient was exacerbated in cold environments and attenuated in warm environments both at rest and during exercise.

Citing Articles

A 3-D virtual human thermoregulatory model to predict whole-body and organ-specific heat-stress responses.

Unnikrishnan G, Hatwar R, Hornby S, Laxminarayan S, Gulati T, Belval L Eur J Appl Physiol. 2021; 121(9):2543-2562.

PMID: 34089370 PMC: 8357720. DOI: 10.1007/s00421-021-04698-1.

Four-month operational heat acclimatization positively affects the level of heat tolerance 6 months later.

Malgoyre A, Siracusa J, Tardo-Dino P, Garcia-Vicencio S, Koulmann N, Epstein Y Sci Rep. 2020; 10(1):20260.

PMID: 33219295 PMC: 7680124. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77358-7.

A basal heat stress test to detect military operational readiness after a 14-day operational heat acclimatization period.

Malgoyre A, Siracusa J, Tardo-Dino P, Garcia-Vicencio S, Koulmann N, Charlot K Temperature (Austin). 2020; 7(3):277-289.

PMID: 33123621 PMC: 7575231. DOI: 10.1080/23328940.2020.1742572.

Short-Term, Low-Volume Training Improves Heat Acclimatization in an Operational Context.

Charlot K, Tardo-Dino P, Buchet J, Koulmann N, Bourdon S, Lepetit B Front Physiol. 2017; 8:419.

PMID: 28670286 PMC: 5472681. DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00419.

References

Fulbrook P . Core temperature measurement in adults: a literature review. J Adv Nurs. 1993; 18(9):1451-60. DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1993.18091451.x. View

Greenleaf J, CASTLE B . External auditory canal temperature as an estimate of core temperature. J Appl Physiol. 1972; 32(2):194-8. DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1972.32.2.194. View

Mead J, BONMARITO C . Reliability of rectal temperatures as an index of internal body temperature. J Appl Physiol. 1949; 2(2):97-109. DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1949.2.2.97. View

Togawa T . Body temperature measurement. Clin Phys Physiol Meas. 1985; 6(2):83-108. DOI: 10.1088/0143-0815/6/2/001. View

Sund-Levander M, Grodzinsky E . Time for a change to assess and evaluate body temperature in clinical practice. Int J Nurs Pract. 2009; 15(4):241-9. DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-172X.2009.01756.x. View

Gagnon D, Lemire B, Jay O, Kenny G . Aural canal, esophageal, and rectal temperatures during exertional heat stress and the subsequent recovery period. J Athl Train. 2010; 45(2):157-63. PMC: 2838467. DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-45.2.157. View

Wenger C, Roberts M, Stolwijk J, Nadel E . Forearm blood flow during body temperature transients produced by leg exercise. J Appl Physiol. 1975; 38(1):58-63. DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1975.38.1.58. View

DUBOIS E . The many different temperatures of the human body and its parts. West J Surg Obstet Gynecol. 1951; 59(9):476-90. View

Montain S, Coyle E . Fluid ingestion during exercise increases skin blood flow independent of increases in blood volume. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1992; 73(3):903-10. DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1992.73.3.903. View

10.

Teunissen L, de Haan A, de Koning J, Daanen H . Telemetry pill versus rectal and esophageal temperature during extreme rates of exercise-induced core temperature change. Physiol Meas. 2012; 33(6):915-24. DOI: 10.1088/0967-3334/33/6/915. View

11.

Edwards R, Belyavin A, Harrison M . Core temperature measurement in man. Aviat Space Environ Med. 1978; 49(11):1289-94. View

12.

Sund-Levander M, Forsberg C, Wahren L . Normal oral, rectal, tympanic and axillary body temperature in adult men and women: a systematic literature review. Scand J Caring Sci. 2002; 16(2):122-8. DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-6712.2002.00069.x. View

13.

Nielsen B, Nielsen M . Body temperature during work at different environmental temperatures. Acta Physiol Scand. 1962; 56:120-9. DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.1962.tb02489.x. View

14.

Abrams R, Royston J . Some properties of rectum and vagina as sites for basal body temperature measurement. Fertil Steril. 1981; 35(3):313-6. DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(16)45377-x. View

15.

Lim C, Byrne C, Lee J . Human thermoregulation and measurement of body temperature in exercise and clinical settings. Ann Acad Med Singap. 2008; 37(4):347-53. View

16.

Rotello L, Crawford L, Terndrup T . Comparison of infrared ear thermometer derived and equilibrated rectal temperatures in estimating pulmonary artery temperatures. Crit Care Med. 1996; 24(9):1501-6. DOI: 10.1097/00003246-199609000-00012. View

17.

Lee J, Wakabayashi H, Wijayanto T, Tochihara Y . Differences in rectal temperatures measured at depths of 4-19 cm from the anal sphincter during exercise and rest. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2009; 109(1):73-80. DOI: 10.1007/s00421-009-1217-0. View