Analysis of Pulp Prognosis in 603 Permanent Teeth with Uncomplicated Crown Fracture with or Without Luxation

Aim: To analyze the pulp prognosis of uncomplicated crown-fractured teeth with or without concurrent luxation injury in adolescent.

Material And Methods: Complete dental records of traumatized permanent teeth were obtained, including the patient's name, gender and age, position of the traumatized tooth, its stage of root development, time elapsed between dental injury and treatment, diagnosis, clinical procedures, and follow-up period. Pulp prognosis was evaluated over a period of at least 6 months using Andreasen's classification. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression were used to examine the risk factors inherent to the prognosis of pulp healing, with P < 0.05 accepted as statistically significant.

Results: The study involved 603 teeth with uncomplicated crown fractures followed up for 6 months or longer, of which 104 suffered luxation at the same time. The frequency of pulp necrosis in teeth with complete root development was higher than those with incomplete root development. For uncomplicated crown fracture with luxation, crown-fractured teeth with intrusion had a higher incidence of pulp necrosis than other types of concurrent luxation (OR: 33.613). The incidence of pulp necrosis within 3 months was significantly higher than in other time periods (P = 0.021), and the median survival time was 53 days (95% confidence interval: 34-67 days).

Conclusions: Existence of concurrent luxation injury and complete root development are important risk factors of pulp necrosis in teeth with uncomplicated crown fractures in adolescent.