Adaptation of Innate Lymphoid Cells to a Micronutrient Deficiency Promotes Type 2 Barrier Immunity

Overview

Journal Science

Specialty Science

Date 2014 Jan 25

PMID 24458645

Citations 244

Authors

S P Spencer

C Wilhelm

Q Yang

J A Hall

N Bouladoux

A Boyd

T B Nutman

J F Urban Jr

J Wang

T R Ramalingam

A Bhandoola

T A Wynn

Y Belkaid

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

How the immune system adapts to malnutrition to sustain immunity at barrier surfaces, such as the intestine, remains unclear. Vitamin A deficiency is one of the most common micronutrient deficiencies and is associated with profound defects in adaptive immunity. Here, we found that type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are severely diminished in vitamin A-deficient settings, which results in compromised immunity to acute bacterial infection. However, vitamin A deprivation paradoxically resulted in dramatic expansion of interleukin-13 (IL-13)-producing ILC2s and resistance to nematode infection in mice, which revealed that ILCs are primary sensors of dietary stress. Further, these data indicate that, during malnutrition, a switch to innate type 2 immunity may represent a powerful adaptation of the immune system to promote host survival in the face of ongoing barrier challenges.

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