Retinal and Choroidal Thickness Evaluation by SD-OCT in Adults with Obstructive Sleep Apnea-hypopnea Syndrome (OSAS)

Overview

Journal Eye (Lond)

Specialty Ophthalmology

Date 2014 Jan 11

PMID 24406421

Citations 27

Authors

C Xin

J Wang

W Zhang

L Wang

X Peng

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objective: To assess the macular retina and choroidal thickness change in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAS) with no significant symptoms and pathological changes in the fundus using spectral domain-optical coherence tomography.

Methods: This prospective, observational case-control study consisted of 53 eyes of 53 patients with OSAS and 12 eyes of 12 age-matched controls. Macular and choroidal thicknesses were measured by optical coherence tomography.

Results: The foveal and nasal macular thicknesses were significantly different between four groups (P=0.001, P=0.016). The foveal thickness of the control group was significantly thinner than that of the severe group (P=0.000). The nasal macular thickness of the control group was significantly thinner than that of the severe group (P=0.008). A significant correlation was found between oxygen desaturation index (ODI) and macular center thickness (r=0.357, R(2)=0.127, P=0.004), with an ODI coefficient of 0.457 (P=0.004). Similarly, a significant correlation was found between ODI and nasal macular thickness (r=0.265, R(2)=0.070, P=0.033), with an ODI coefficient of 0.233 (P=0.033). The subfoveal choroidal thickness was significantly different among the groups (F=3.657, P=0.017). The subfoveal choroidal thickness of the severe group was significantly thinner than that of the control group, mild group, and moderate group (P=0.023, 0.006, and 0.036, respectively). The choroidal thickness 1 mm nasal to the fovea was significantly different between the groups after correcting for age and diopter (F=3.411, P=0.023). The choroidal thickness 1 mm nasal to the fovea was significantly thinner in the severe group compared with the control group and mild group (P=0.013 and 0.010, respectively). Choroidal thickness was significantly correlated with diopter (r=0.520, R(2)=0.270, P<0.001), with a coefficient of 0.327 (P<0.001), and with ODI (r=0.520, R(2)=0.165, P=0.001), with a coefficient of -0.370 (P=0.001).

Conclusions: OSAS patients showed decreased foveal and nasal macular thickness, similar to the subfoveal and nasal choroidal thickness. These findings suggest that, because of intermittent hypoxia, OSAS might change the retinal and choroidal blood supply.

Citing Articles

Retinal microvascular phenotypes can track small vessel disease burden and CPAP treatment effectiveness in obstructive sleep apnoea.

Giarratano Y, Hill E, Hamid C, Wiseman S, Gray C, Chappell F J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2024; :271678X241291958.

PMID: 39487754 PMC: 11563513. DOI: 10.1177/0271678X241291958.

The effect of positive airway pressure therapy on intraocular pressure and retina in severe obstructive apnea syndrome.

Dikmen N, Cakmak A, Urfalioglu S Sleep Biol Rhythms. 2024; 20(2):267-273.

PMID: 38469251 PMC: 10899910. DOI: 10.1007/s41105-021-00366-1.

Investigation of the optic disc and retinal microvasculature by optical coherence tomography angiography in children with asthma.

Karaaslan A, Kurtul B, Cakmak A, El C Taiwan J Ophthalmol. 2024; 13(4):520-526.

PMID: 38249509 PMC: 10798397. DOI: 10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-22-00119.

Influence of high altitude on choroid thickness, retinal thickness, and myopia: A cross-sectional study comparing adolescents in Shanghai and Tibet.

Cai C, Ma Y, He S, Meng C, Gu C, He J Indian J Ophthalmol. 2023; 72(Suppl 2):S240-S247.

PMID: 38099385 PMC: 11624659. DOI: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_1546_23.

Oxidative stress and optical coherence tomography angiography evaluation of choriocapillaris and retinal vessel density in children with obstructive sleep apnea.

Abdolrahimzadeh S, Evangelisti M, Gattazzo I, Arpinelli M, Di Nardo G, Federico D Sleep Breath. 2023; 28(2):639-646.

PMID: 37843681 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-023-02930-0.

References

Fletcher E . Sympathetic over activity in the etiology of hypertension of obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep. 2003; 26(1):15-9. DOI: 10.1093/sleep/26.1.15. View

Delaey C, Van de Voorde J . Regulatory mechanisms in the retinal and choroidal circulation. Ophthalmic Res. 2000; 32(6):249-56. DOI: 10.1159/000055622. View

Ding X, Li J, Zeng J, Ma W, Liu R, Li T . Choroidal thickness in healthy Chinese subjects. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011; 52(13):9555-60. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.11-8076. View

Schrodl F, Schweigert M, Brehmer A, Neuhuber W . Intrinsic neurons in the duck choroid are contacted by CGRP-immunoreactive nerve fibres: evidence for a local pre-central reflex arc in the eye. Exp Eye Res. 2001; 72(2):137-46. DOI: 10.1006/exer.2000.0940. View

Frayser R, Gray G, Houston C . Control of the retinal circulation at altitude. J Appl Physiol. 1974; 37(3):302-4. DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1974.37.3.302. View

Bill A . Some aspects of the ocular circulation. Friedenwald lecture. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1985; 26(4):410-24. View

Geiser M, Riva C, Dorner G, Diermann U, Luksch A, Schmetterer L . Response of choroidal blood flow in the foveal region to hyperoxia and hyperoxia-hypercapnia. Curr Eye Res. 2001; 21(2):669-76. View

Kato M, Roberts-Thomson P, PHILLIPS B, HAYNES W, Winnicki M, Accurso V . Impairment of endothelium-dependent vasodilation of resistance vessels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Circulation. 2000; 102(21):2607-10. DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.102.21.2607. View

Parish J, Somers V . Obstructive sleep apnea and cardiovascular disease. Mayo Clin Proc. 2004; 79(8):1036-46. DOI: 10.4065/79.8.1036. View

10.

Imamura Y, Fujiwara T, Margolis R, Spaide R . Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography of the choroid in central serous chorioretinopathy. Retina. 2009; 29(10):1469-73. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0b013e3181be0a83. View

11.

Arden G, Sidman R, Arap W, Schlingemann R . Spare the rod and spoil the eye. Br J Ophthalmol. 2005; 89(6):764-9. PMC: 1772679. DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2004.062547. View

12.

Casas P, Ascaso F, Vicente E, Tejero-Garces G, Adiego M, Cristobal J . Retinal and optic nerve evaluation by optical coherence tomography in adults with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2013; 251(6):1625-34. DOI: 10.1007/s00417-013-2268-9. View

13.

Tan C, Ouyang Y, Ruiz H, Sadda S . Diurnal variation of choroidal thickness in normal, healthy subjects measured by spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011; 53(1):261-6. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.11-8782. View

14.

West S, Groves D, Lipinski H, Nicoll D, Mason R, Scanlon P . The prevalence of retinopathy in men with Type 2 diabetes and obstructive sleep apnoea. Diabet Med. 2010; 27(4):423-30. DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2010.02962.x. View

15.

Liu J, Narasimhan P, Yu F, Chan P . Neuroprotection by hypoxic preconditioning involves oxidative stress-mediated expression of hypoxia-inducible factor and erythropoietin. Stroke. 2005; 36(6):1264-9. DOI: 10.1161/01.STR.0000166180.91042.02. View

16.

Esmaeelpour M, Povazay B, Hermann B, Hofer B, Kajic V, Hale S . Mapping choroidal and retinal thickness variation in type 2 diabetes using three-dimensional 1060-nm optical coherence tomography. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011; 52(8):5311-6. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.10-6875. View

17.

Bendel R, Kaplan J, Heckman M, Fredrickson P, Lin S . Prevalence of glaucoma in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea--a cross-sectional case-series. Eye (Lond). 2007; 22(9):1105-9. DOI: 10.1038/sj.eye.6702846. View

18.

Priou P, Gagnadoux F, Tesse A, Mastronardi M, Agouni A, Meslier N . Endothelial dysfunction and circulating microparticles from patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Pathol. 2010; 177(2):974-83. PMC: 2913357. DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2010.091252. View

19.

Lin P, Friedman M, Lin H, Chang H, Wilson M, Lin M . Normal tension glaucoma in patients with obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome. J Glaucoma. 2010; 20(9):553-8. DOI: 10.1097/IJG.0b013e3181f3eb81. View

20.

Mason R, Kiire C, Groves D, Lipinski H, Jaycock A, Winter B . Visual improvement following continuous positive airway pressure therapy in diabetic subjects with clinically significant macular oedema and obstructive sleep apnoea: proof of principle study. Respiration. 2011; 84(4):275-82. DOI: 10.1159/000334090. View