Calcium Phosphate-bearing Matrices Induce Osteogenic Differentiation of Stem Cells Through Adenosine Signaling

Overview

Journal Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Specialty Science

Date 2014 Jan 8

PMID 24395775

Citations 119

Authors

Yu-Ru V Shih

Yongsung Hwang

Ameya Phadke

Heemin Kang

Nathaniel S Hwang

Eduardo J Caro

Steven Nguyen

Michael Siu

Emmanuel A Theodorakis

Nathan C Gianneschi

Kenneth S Vecchio

Shu Chien

Oscar K Lee

Shyni Varghese

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Synthetic matrices emulating the physicochemical properties of tissue-specific ECMs are being developed at a rapid pace to regulate stem cell fate. Biomaterials containing calcium phosphate (CaP) moieties have been shown to support osteogenic differentiation of stem and progenitor cells and bone tissue formation. By using a mineralized synthetic matrix mimicking a CaP-rich bone microenvironment, we examine a molecular mechanism through which CaP minerals induce osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells with an emphasis on phosphate metabolism. Our studies show that extracellular phosphate uptake through solute carrier family 20 (phosphate transporter), member 1 (SLC20a1) supports osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells via adenosine, an ATP metabolite, which acts as an autocrine/paracrine signaling molecule through A2b adenosine receptor. Perturbation of SLC20a1 abrogates osteogenic differentiation by decreasing intramitochondrial phosphate and ATP synthesis. Collectively, this study offers the demonstration of a previously unknown mechanism for the beneficial role of CaP biomaterials in bone repair and the role of phosphate ions in bone physiology and regeneration. These findings also begin to shed light on the role of ATP metabolism in bone homeostasis, which may be exploited to treat bone metabolic diseases.

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