N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Modulate Metabolism of Insulin-sensitive Tissues: Implication for the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes

Overview

Journal J Physiol Biochem

Specialties Biochemistry
Physiology

Date 2013 Dec 28

PMID 24371037

Citations 20

Authors

Alexandre Pinel

Beatrice Morio-Liondore

Frederic Capel

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Obesity is frequently associated with the development of type 2 diabetes which is firstly characterized by a defect in the response of key metabolic tissues to insulin (insulin resistance). The imbalance in fatty composition of the diet, a low-grade inflammatory state have been described to be involved in the initiation or the amplification of the molecular events involved in this process. The concept of a specific nutritional intervention has emerged as a promising tool against metabolic disorders associated with obesity. In this context, many investigations were conducted to evaluate the potential beneficial impacts of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA). The aim of the present review was to summarize the current knowledge about the role of docosahexanoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) and eicosapentanoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) on key metabolic organs. Only studies aiming to understand the mechanism of actions were selected. The analysis of randomized clinical trial about n-3 PUFA was not considered here. The effects of n-3 PUFA were analyzed in the adipose tissue, the liver, skeletal muscle and the pancreas in the context of obesity and lipid oversupply. Furthermore, in line with recent findings about the role of the modulation of gut microbiota in obesity-related disorders, we summarized the recent findings about the possible link between n-3 PUFA and change in microbiota composition.

Citing Articles

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Zou H, Zhang H, Zhao Y, Li X, Wang Y, Zhang T Mar Drugs. 2023; 21(1).

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Adipose Tissue Dysfunctions in Response to an Obesogenic Diet Are Reduced in Mice after Transgenerational Supplementation with Omega 3 Fatty Acids.

Pinel A, Rigaudiere J, Morio B, Capel F Metabolites. 2021; 11(12).

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Putting ATM to BED: How Adipose Tissue Macrophages Are Affected by Bariatric Surgery, Exercise, and Dietary Fatty Acids.

Turner L, Santosa S Adv Nutr. 2021; 12(5):1893-1910.

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Transgenerational supplementation with eicosapentaenoic acid reduced the metabolic consequences on the whole body and skeletal muscle in mice receiving an obesogenic diet.

Pinel A, Rigaudiere J, Jouve C, Montaurier C, Jousse C, Lhomme M Eur J Nutr. 2021; 60(6):3143-3157.

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The effects of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on metabolic status in pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Amirani E, Asemi Z, Asbaghi O, Milajerdi A, Reiner Z, Mansournia M J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2021; 19(2):1685-1699.

PMID: 33520859 PMC: 7843696. DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00558-5.

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