Roles and Functions of HIV-1 Tat Protein in the CNS: an Overview

Overview

Journal Virol J

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Microbiology

Date 2013 Dec 24

PMID 24359561

Citations 75

Authors

Asen Bagashev

Bassel E Sawaya

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Nearly 50% of HIV-infected individuals suffer from some form of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). HIV-1 Tat (a key HIV transactivator of transcription) protein is one of the first HIV proteins to be expressed after infection occurs and is absolutely required for the initiation of the HIV genome transcription. In addition to its canonical functions, various studies have shown the deleterious role of HIV-1 Tat in the development and progression of HAND. Within the CNS, only specific cell types can support productive viral replication (astrocytes and microglia), however Tat protein can be released form infected cells to affects HIV non-permissive cells such as neurons. Therefore, in this review, we will summarize the functions of HIV-1 Tat proteins in neural cells and its ability to promote HAND.

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