Prevalence of Microvascular Complications in Newly Diagnosed Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Overview

Journal Pak J Med Sci

Specialty General Medicine

Date 2013 Dec 20

PMID 24353655

Citations 25

Authors

Alia Ali

Farrukh Iqbal

Azeem Taj

Zafar Iqbal

Muhammad Joher Amin

Qasim Zafar Iqbal

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background & Objective: Microvascular complications are the major outcome of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus progression, which reduce the quality of life, incur heavy economic burdens to the health care system and increase diabetic mortality. The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of microvascular complications among newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients and to analyze the association between these complications and poor glycemic control.

Methods: This cross sectional hospital based study was carried out in Diabetic Clinic of Shaikh Zayed Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lahore Pakistan. The study was conducted from November 2011 to November 2012 among newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients. Relevant information of all patients was recorded with the help of a proforma. They were investigated for retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy.

Results: We have divided the patients into two groups: Group I with good glycemic control (HbA1c <6.5) and group II with poor glycemic control (HbA1c >6.5). In group II microvascular complications were 89.8%. Neuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy were present in 68.5%, 56.2% and 31.4% respectively. These similar percentages in Group I were 50%, 0% and 31% respectively and are significantly lower.

Conclusion: The study showed that even in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients who had poor glycemic control, frequency of microvascular complications is much higher as compared to those who had average glycemic control. Thus tight glycemic control does count even in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics to prevent and minimize the occurrence of complications.

Citing Articles

Recent advances associated with cardiometabolic remodeling in diabetes-induced heart failure.

Sharma G, Chaurasia S, Carlson M, Mishra P Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2024; 327(6):H1327-H1342.

PMID: 39453429 PMC: 11684949. DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00539.2024.

Diabetic microvascular complications among adults with type 2 diabetes in Adama, central Ethiopia.

Mekuria Negussie Y, Sento M, Mohammed Fati N Sci Rep. 2024; 14(1):24910.

PMID: 39438643 PMC: 11496617. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-77183-2.

Innovation of 6-sulfonamide-2-chromene derivatives as antidiabetic agents targeting α-amylase, α-glycosidase, and PPAR-γ inhibitors with molecular docking simulation.

Khamees Thabet H, Ragab A, Imran M, Hamdy Helal M, Ibrahim Alaqel S, Alshehri A RSC Adv. 2024; 14(22):15691-15705.

PMID: 38746843 PMC: 11091863. DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02143f.

Navigating the Frontier: Emerging Techniques for Detecting Microvascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Comprehensive Review.

Raut S, Acharya S, Deolikar V, Mahajan S Cureus. 2024; 16(1):e53279.

PMID: 38435878 PMC: 10905308. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53279.

Predictors of microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at regional referral hospitals in the central zone, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study.

Shillah W, Yahaya J, Morgan E, Bintabara D Sci Rep. 2024; 14(1):5035.

PMID: 38424145 PMC: 10904798. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55556-x.

References

Wang W, Fu C, Pan C, Chen W, Zhan S, Luan R . How do type 2 diabetes mellitus-related chronic complications impact direct medical cost in four major cities of urban China?. Value Health. 2009; 12(6):923-9. DOI: 10.1111/j.1524-4733.2009.00561.x. View

Viswanath K, Murray McGavin D . Diabetic retinopathy: clinical findings and management. Community Eye Health. 2007; 16(46):21-4. PMC: 1705856. View

Turner R, Holman R . Lessons from UK prospective diabetes study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 1995; 28 Suppl:S151-7. DOI: 10.1016/0168-8227(95)01105-m. View

. Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Lancet. 1998; 352(9131):837-53. View

Lee E, Keen H, BENNETT P, Fuller J, Lu M . Follow-up of the WHO Multinational Study of Vascular Disease in Diabetes: general description and morbidity. Diabetologia. 2001; 44 Suppl 2:S3-13. DOI: 10.1007/pl00002936. View

Knuiman M, Welborn T, McCann V, Stanton K, Constable I . Prevalence of diabetic complications in relation to risk factors. Diabetes. 1986; 35(12):1332-9. DOI: 10.2337/diab.35.12.1332. View

Klein R, Klein B, Moss S, Cruickshanks K . Relationship of hyperglycemia to the long-term incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy. Arch Intern Med. 1994; 154(19):2169-78. View

Gupta D, Verma L, KHOSLA P, Dash S . The prevalence of microalbuminuria in diabetes: a study from north India. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 1991; 12(2):125-8. DOI: 10.1016/0168-8227(91)90089-v. View

Bash L, Selvin E, Steffes M, Coresh J, Astor B . Poor glycemic control in diabetes and the risk of incident chronic kidney disease even in the absence of albuminuria and retinopathy: Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Arch Intern Med. 2008; 168(22):2440-7. PMC: 2766035. DOI: 10.1001/archinte.168.22.2440. View

10.

Solli O, Stavem K, Kristiansen I . Health-related quality of life in diabetes: The associations of complications with EQ-5D scores. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2010; 8:18. PMC: 2829531. DOI: 10.1186/1477-7525-8-18. View

11.

Aiello L, Gardner T, King G, Blankenship G, Cavallerano J, Ferris 3rd F . Diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes Care. 1998; 21(1):143-56. DOI: 10.2337/diacare.21.1.143. View

12.

Shaw J, Sicree R, Zimmet P . Global estimates of the prevalence of diabetes for 2010 and 2030. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2009; 87(1):4-14. DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2009.10.007. View

13.

Ahmedani M, Hydrie M, Iqbal A, Gul A, Mirza W, Basit A . Prevalence of microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetic patients in Karachi: Pakistan: a multi-center study. J Pak Med Assoc. 2005; 55(9):382-6. View

14.

King H, Aubert R, Herman W . Global burden of diabetes, 1995-2025: prevalence, numerical estimates, and projections. Diabetes Care. 1998; 21(9):1414-31. DOI: 10.2337/diacare.21.9.1414. View

15.

Narayan K, Gregg E, Fagot-Campagna A, Engelgau M, Vinicor F . Diabetes--a common, growing, serious, costly, and potentially preventable public health problem. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2000; 50 Suppl 2:S77-84. DOI: 10.1016/s0168-8227(00)00183-2. View

16.

. Effects of hypoglycemic agents on vascular complications in patients with adult-onset diabetes. VIII. Evaluation of insulin therapy: final report. Diabetes. 1982; 31 Suppl 5:1-81. View

17.

Stevens V, Vlassara H, Abati A, Cerami A . Nonenzymatic glycosylation of hemoglobin. J Biol Chem. 1977; 252(9):2998-3002. View

18.

Rema M, Ponnaiya M, Mohan V . Prevalence of retinopathy in non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus at a diabetes centre in southern India. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 1996; 34(1):29-36. DOI: 10.1016/s0168-8227(96)01327-7. View

19.

Shera A, Jawad F, Maqsood A, Jamal S, Azfar M, Ahmed U . Prevalence of chronic complications and associated factors in type 2 diabetes. J Pak Med Assoc. 2004; 54(2):54-9. View

20.

Turner R . The U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study. A review. Diabetes Care. 1998; 21 Suppl 3:C35-8. DOI: 10.2337/diacare.21.3.c35. View