The Changing Face of Esophageal Cancer

Overview

Journal Cancers (Basel)

Publisher MDPI

Specialty Oncology

Date 2013 Nov 28

PMID 24281163

Citations 36

Authors

Rachel E Melhado

Derek Alderson

Olga Tucker

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The two main histological esophageal cancer types, adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, differ in incidence, geographic distribution, ethnic pattern and etiology. This article focuses on epidemiology with particular reference to geographic and temporal variations in incidence, along with a review of the evidence supporting environmental and genetic factors involved in esophageal carcinogenesis. Squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus remains predominantly a disease of the developing world. In contrast, esophageal adenocarcinoma is mainly a disease of western developed societies, associated with obesity and gastro-esophageal reflux disease. There has been a dramatic increase in the incidence of adenocarcinoma in developed countries in parallel with migration of both esophageal and gastric adenocarcinomas towards the gastro-esophageal junction.

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