A Retrospective Aliskiren and Losartan Study in Non-diabetic Chronic Kidney Disease

Overview

Journal World J Nephrol

Publisher Baishideng Publishing Group

Specialty Nephrology

Date 2013 Nov 21

PMID 24255896

Authors

Keng-Thye Woo

Hui-Lin Choong

Kok-Seng Wong

Han-Kim Tan

Marjorie Foo

Fook-Chong Stephanie

Evan Jc Lee

Vathsala Anantharaman

Grace Sl Lee

Choong-Meng Chan

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Aim: To assess the efficacy of combined Aliskiren and Losartan vs high dose Losartan and Aliskiren alone in chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: This is a retrospective study of 143 patients with non-diabetic CKD comparing combined Aliskiren (150 mg/d) with Losartan (100 mg/d) therapy vs High dose Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) (Losartan 200 mg/d) and the third group Aliskiren (150 mg/d) alone. This study involved only patient medical records. Entry criteria included those patients who had been treated with the above drugs for at least 36 mo within the 5 years period; other criteria included proteinuria of 1 g or more and or CKD Stage 3 at the start of the 36 mo period. The study utilised primary renal end points of estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) < 15 mL/min or end stage renal failure.

Results: Patients treated with high dose ARB compared to the other two treatment groups had significantly less proteinuria at the end of 36 mo (P < 0.007). All 3 groups had significant reduction of proteinuria (P < 0.043, P < 0.001). Total urinary protein was significantly different between the 3 groups over the 3-year study period (P = 0.008), but not eGFR. The changes in eGFR from baseline to each year were not significantly different between the 3 therapeutic groups (P < 0.119). There were no significant differences in the systolic and diastolic blood pressure between the 3 drug groups throughout the 3 years. The incidence of hyperkalemia (> 5.5 mmol/L) was 14.2% (7/49) in the Combined Aliskiren and ARB group, 8.7% (4/46) in the Aliskiren alone group and 6.3% (3/48) in the High dose ARB group (P < 0.001).

Conclusion: This study in non-diabetic CKD patients showed that Combination therapy with Aliskiren and ARB was effective but was not safe as it was associated with a high prevalence of hyperkalaemia.

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