Structural Determinants of HIV-1 Vif Susceptibility and DNA Binding in APOBEC3F

Overview

Journal Nat Commun

Specialty Biology

Date 2013 Nov 5

PMID 24185281

Citations 56

Authors

Karen K Siu

Azmiri Sultana

Farshad C Azimi

Jeffrey E Lee

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The human APOBEC3 family of DNA cytosine deaminases serves as a front-line intrinsic immune response to inhibit the replication of diverse retroviruses. APOBEC3F and APOBEC3G are the most potent factors against HIV-1. As a countermeasure, HIV-1 viral infectivity factor (Vif) targets APOBEC3s for proteasomal degradation. Here we report the crystal structure of the Vif-binding domain in APOBEC3F and a novel assay to assess Vif-APOBEC3 binding. Our results point to an amphipathic surface that is conserved in APOBEC3s as critical for Vif susceptibility in APOBEC3F. Electrostatic interactions likely mediate Vif binding. Moreover, structure-guided mutagenesis reveals a straight ssDNA-binding groove distinct from the Vif-binding site, and an 'aromatic switch' is proposed to explain DNA substrate specificities across the APOBEC3 family. This study opens new lines of inquiry that will further our understanding of APOBEC3-mediated retroviral restriction and provides an accurate template for structure-guided development of inhibitors targeting the APOBEC3-Vif axis.

Citing Articles

The structural basis for HIV-1 Vif antagonism of human APOBEC3G.

Li Y, Langley C, Azumaya C, Echeverria I, Chesarino N, Emerman M Nature. 2023; 615(7953):728-733.

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Structure-Guided Design of a Potent and Specific Inhibitor against the Genomic Mutator APOBEC3A.

Serrano J, von Trentini D, Berrios K, Barka A, Dmochowski I, Kohli R ACS Chem Biol. 2022; 17(12):3379-3388.

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The current toolbox for APOBEC drug discovery.

Grillo M, Jones K, Carpenter M, Harris R, Harki D Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2022; 43(5):362-377.

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Insights into the Structures and Multimeric Status of APOBEC Proteins Involved in Viral Restriction and Other Cellular Functions.

Chen X Viruses. 2021; 13(3).

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Elucidation of the Complicated Scenario of Primate APOBEC3 Gene Evolution.

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