Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disease After Pediatric Solid Organ Transplantation

Overview

Journal Clin Dev Immunol

Specialty Allergy & Immunology

Date 2013 Nov 1

PMID 24174972

Citations 29

Authors

Martin Mynarek

Tilmann Schober

Uta Behrends

Britta Maecker-Kolhoff

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Patients after solid organ transplantation (SOT) carry a substantially increased risk to develop malignant lymphomas. This is in part due to the immunosuppression required to maintain the function of the organ graft. Depending on the transplanted organ, up to 15% of pediatric transplant recipients acquire posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD), and eventually 20% of those succumb to the disease. Early diagnosis of PTLD is often hampered by the unspecific symptoms and the difficult differential diagnosis, which includes atypical infections as well as graft rejection. Treatment of PTLD is limited by the high vulnerability towards antineoplastic chemotherapy in transplanted children. However, new treatment strategies and especially the introduction of the monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody rituximab have dramatically improved outcomes of PTLD. This review discusses risk factors for the development of PTLD in children, summarizes current approaches to therapy, and gives an outlook on developing new treatment modalities like targeted therapy with virus-specific T cells. Finally, monitoring strategies are evaluated.

Citing Articles

Navigating Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) and Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder (PTLD) in Pediatric Liver Transplantation: Current Knowledge and Strategies for Treatment and Surveillance.

Chen E, Dilwali N, Mysore K, Hassan S, Smith S, Karnsakul W Viruses. 2025; 17(2).

PMID: 40007011 PMC: 11861731. DOI: 10.3390/v17020254.

Clinical analysis of malignant lymphoma secondary to transplantation: the notorious lymphoproliferative disease.

Yan Z, Wang H, Liu Y, Yin Y, Zhao M Am J Transl Res. 2023; 15(11):6632-6643.

PMID: 38074803 PMC: 10703646.

Immunology of THymectomy And childhood CArdiac transplant (ITHACA): protocol for a UK-wide prospective observational cohort study to identify immunological risk factors of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) in thymectomised children.

Offor U, Hollis P, Ognjanovic M, Parry G, Khushnood A, Long H BMJ Open. 2023; 13(10):e079582.

PMID: 37865406 PMC: 10603490. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079582.

Rare Case of Pediatric Post-transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder Presenting With Pleural Masses Complicated by Pleural Effusions.

Nessim Kostandy E, Wan D, Imseis E ACG Case Rep J. 2023; 10(9):e01158.

PMID: 37753100 PMC: 10519540. DOI: 10.14309/crj.0000000000001158.

Post-transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder (PTLD) in the US Population: Demographics, Treatment Characteristics, and Survival Analysis.

Ullah A, Lee K, Malham K, Yasinzai A, Khan I, Asif B Cureus. 2023; 15(5):e39777.

PMID: 37398803 PMC: 10312545. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39777.

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