Influence of VMH Fuel Sensing on Hypoglycemic Responses

Overview

Journal Trends Endocrinol Metab

Specialty Endocrinology

Date 2013 Sep 26

PMID 24063974

Citations 51

Authors

Owen Chan

Robert Sherwin

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Hypoglycemia produces complex neural and hormonal responses that restore glucose levels to normal. Glucose, metabolic substrates and their transporters, neuropeptides and neurotransmitters alter the firing rate of glucose-sensing neurons in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH); these monitor energy status and regulate the release of neurotransmitters that instigate a suitable counter-regulatory response. Under normal physiological conditions, these mechanisms maintain blood glucose concentrations within narrow margins. However, antecedent hypoglycemia and diabetes can lead to adaptations within the brain that impair counter-regulatory responses. Clearly, the mechanisms employed to detect and regulate the response to hypoglycemia, and the pathophysiology of defective counter-regulation in diabetes, are complex and need to be elucidated to permit the development of therapies that prevent or reduce the risk of hypoglycemia.

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