Heparan Sulfate-protein Binding Specificity

Overview

Journal Biochemistry (Mosc)

Specialty Biochemistry

Date 2013 Sep 10

PMID 24010836

Citations 18

Authors

M A Nugent

J Zaia

J L Spencer

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Heparan sulfate (HS) represents a large class of linear polysaccharides that are required for the function of all mammalian physiological systems. HS is characterized by a repeating disaccharide backbone that is subject to a wide range of modifications, making this class of macromolecules arguably the most information dense in all of biology. The majority of HS functions are associated with the ability to bind and regulate a wide range of proteins. Indeed, recent years have seen an explosion in the discovery of new activities for HS where it is now recognized that this class of glycans functions as co-receptors for growth factors and cytokines, modulates cellular uptake of lipoproteins, regulates protease activity, is critical to amyloid plaque formation, is used by opportunistic pathogens to enter cells, and may even participate in epigenetic regulation. This review will discuss the current state of understanding regarding the specificity of HS-protein binding and will describe the concept that protein binding to HS depends on the overall organization of domains within HS rather than fine structure.

Citing Articles

The role of extracellular matrix in angiogenesis: Beyond adhesion and structure.

Libby J, Royce H, Walker S, Li L Biomater Biosyst. 2024; 15:100097.

PMID: 39129826 PMC: 11315062. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbiosy.2024.100097.

Molecular architecture and platelet-activating properties of small immune complexes assembled on heparin and platelet factor 4.

Yang Y, Du Y, Ivanov D, Niu C, Clare R, Smith J Commun Biol. 2024; 7(1):308.

PMID: 38467823 PMC: 10928113. DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05982-4.

Heparan-6--Endosulfatase 2 Promotes Invasiveness of Head and Neck Squamous Carcinoma Cell Lines in Co-Cultures with Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts.

Mukherjee P, Zhou X, Benicky J, Panigrahi A, Aljuhani R, Liu J Cancers (Basel). 2023; 15(21).

PMID: 37958342 PMC: 10650326. DOI: 10.3390/cancers15215168.

The Future of the COVID-19 Pandemic: How Good (or Bad) Can the SARS-CoV2 Spike Protein Get?.

Nugent M Cells. 2022; 11(5).

PMID: 35269476 PMC: 8909208. DOI: 10.3390/cells11050855.

Elucidating the Interactions Between Heparin/Heparan Sulfate and SARS-CoV-2-Related Proteins-An Important Strategy for Developing Novel Therapeutics for the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Yu M, Zhang T, Zhang W, Sun Q, Li H, Li J Front Mol Biosci. 2021; 7:628551.

PMID: 33569392 PMC: 7868326. DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.628551.

References

Barnes P, Shapiro S, Pauwels R . Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: molecular and cellular mechanisms. Eur Respir J. 2003; 22(4):672-88. DOI: 10.1183/09031936.03.00040703. View

Kainulainen V, Wang H, Schick C, Bernfield M . Syndecans, heparan sulfate proteoglycans, maintain the proteolytic balance of acute wound fluids. J Biol Chem. 1998; 273(19):11563-9. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.19.11563. View

Zhang X, Ibrahimi O, Olsen S, Umemori H, Mohammadi M, Ornitz D . Receptor specificity of the fibroblast growth factor family. The complete mammalian FGF family. J Biol Chem. 2006; 281(23):15694-700. PMC: 2080618. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M601252200. View

TYRRELL D, Horne A, Holme K, Preuss J, Page C . Heparin in inflammation: potential therapeutic applications beyond anticoagulation. Adv Pharmacol. 1999; 46:151-208. DOI: 10.1016/s1054-3589(08)60471-8. View

Nugent M . Elastase-mediated release of heparan sulfate proteoglycans from pulmonary fibroblast cultures. A mechanism for basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) release and attenuation of bfgf binding following elastase-induced injury. J Biol Chem. 1999; 274(35):25167-72. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.35.25167. View

Woods A, Oh E, Couchman J . Syndecan proteoglycans and cell adhesion. Matrix Biol. 1999; 17(7):477-83. DOI: 10.1016/s0945-053x(98)90095-6. View

Tumova S, Woods A, Couchman J . Heparan sulfate proteoglycans on the cell surface: versatile coordinators of cellular functions. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2000; 32(3):269-88. DOI: 10.1016/s1357-2725(99)00116-8. View

Eriksson S . The potential role of elastase inhibitors in emphysema treatment. Eur Respir J. 1991; 4(9):1041-3. View

Karlsson K, Lindahl U, Marklund S . Binding of human extracellular superoxide dismutase C to sulphated glycosaminoglycans. Biochem J. 1988; 256(1):29-33. PMC: 1135363. DOI: 10.1042/bj2560029. View

10.

Shriver Z, Liu D, Sasisekharan R . Emerging views of heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan structure/activity relationships modulating dynamic biological functions. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2002; 12(2):71-7. DOI: 10.1016/s1050-1738(01)00150-5. View

11.

Forsten K, Fannon M, Nugent M . Potential mechanisms for the regulation of growth factor binding by heparin. J Theor Biol. 2000; 205(2):215-30. DOI: 10.1006/jtbi.2000.2064. View

12.

Beenken A, Mohammadi M . The FGF family: biology, pathophysiology and therapy. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2009; 8(3):235-53. PMC: 3684054. DOI: 10.1038/nrd2792. View

13.

Gallagher J . Heparan sulfate: growth control with a restricted sequence menu. J Clin Invest. 2001; 108(3):357-61. PMC: 209370. DOI: 10.1172/JCI13713. View

14.

Naimy H, Buczek-Thomas J, Nugent M, Leymarie N, Zaia J . Highly sulfated nonreducing end-derived heparan sulfate domains bind fibroblast growth factor-2 with high affinity and are enriched in biologically active fractions. J Biol Chem. 2011; 286(22):19311-9. PMC: 3103309. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M110.204693. View

15.

Shapiro S, Goldstein N, Houghton A, Kobayashi D, Kelley D, Belaaouaj A . Neutrophil elastase contributes to cigarette smoke-induced emphysema in mice. Am J Pathol. 2003; 163(6):2329-35. PMC: 1892384. DOI: 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)63589-4. View

16.

Forsten-Williams K, Chu C, Fannon M, Buczek-Thomas J, Nugent M . Control of growth factor networks by heparan sulfate proteoglycans. Ann Biomed Eng. 2008; 36(12):2134-48. PMC: 2606109. DOI: 10.1007/s10439-008-9575-z. View

17.

Buczek-Thomas J, Chu C, Rich C, Stone P, Foster J, Nugent M . Heparan sulfate depletion within pulmonary fibroblasts: implications for elastogenesis and repair. J Cell Physiol. 2002; 192(3):294-303. DOI: 10.1002/jcp.10135. View

18.

Buczek-Thomas J, Hsia E, Rich C, Foster J, Nugent M . Inhibition of histone acetyltransferase by glycosaminoglycans. J Cell Biochem. 2008; 105(1):108-20. PMC: 2596351. DOI: 10.1002/jcb.21803. View

19.

Walsh R, Dillon T, Scicchitano R, McLennan G . Heparin and heparan sulphate are inhibitors of human leucocyte elastase. Clin Sci (Lond). 1991; 81(3):341-6. DOI: 10.1042/cs0810341. View

20.

Lafuma C, Frisdal E, Harf A, Robert L, Hornebeck W . Prevention of leucocyte elastase-induced emphysema in mice by heparin fragments. Eur Respir J. 1991; 4(8):1004-9. View