Microbial Translocation and B Cell Dysfunction in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease

Overview

Journal Am J Immunol

Publisher Science Publications

Date 2013 Jul 23

PMID 23869197

Citations 6

Authors

Wei Jiang

Affiliations

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Abstract

The gut mucosal barrier disrupted in HIV disease, resulting in increased systemic exposure to microbial products such as Lipo Polys Accharide (LPS). The association of enhanced microbial translocation and B cell dysfunction in HIV disease is not fully understood. High dose and short term exposure of microbial Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) agonists were used as vaccine adjuvants, however, low dose and long term exposure of TLR agonists could be harmful. The characteristics of B cell dysfunction in HIV disease included B cell, especially memory B cell depletion, enhanced levels of autoimmune antibodies and impaired vaccine or antigen responsiveness. This review discusses and explores the possibility of the effect of microbial translocation on memory B cell depletion and impaired vaccine responses in HIV infection. By determining the mechanisms of B cell depletion and perturbations in HIV disease, it may be possible to design interventions that can improve immune responses to vaccines, reduce selected opportunistic infections and perhaps slow disease progression.

Citing Articles

Marginal Zone B-Cell Populations and Their Regulatory Potential in the Context of HIV and Other Chronic Inflammatory Conditions.

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Effect of Antiretroviral Therapy on the Memory and Activation Profiles of B Cells in HIV-Infected African Women.

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Lipopolysaccharide Increases Immune Activation and Alters T Cell Homeostasis in SHIVB'WHU Chronically Infected Chinese Rhesus Macaque.

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The secretion of IL-22 from mucosal NKp44⁺ NK cells is associated with microbial translocation and virus infection in SIV/SHIV-infected Chinese macaques.

Wang W, Wu F, Cong Z, Liu K, Qin C, Wei Q J Immunol Res. 2015; 2014:387950.

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