Measurement of Clinically Relevant Functional Health Perceptions in Patients with Whiplash-associated Disorders: the Development of the Whiplash Specific Activity and Participation List (WAL)

Overview

Journal Eur Spine J

Specialty Orthopedics

Date 2013 May 21

PMID 23686532

Citations 2

Authors

Maarten A Schmitt

Martijn S Stenneberg

Patrick P M Schrama

Nico L U van Meeteren

Paul J M Helders

Carin D Schroder

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Purpose: The International Classification of Human Functioning Disability and Health (ICF) provides insight into functional health status in patients with whiplash-associated disorders (WAD). In the assessment of functional limitations in patients with WAD, there are several condition-specific questionnaires available. Estimation of the true relationship between the separate constructs of the ICF is only possible if the items of the salient questionnaires measure exactly the constructs of interest, while not simultaneously measuring other constructs of the model. This study aimed to develop a condition specific and clinically relevant and usable instrument for patients with WAD that measures activity limitations and participation restrictions, as defined by the ICF framework.

Methods: Item generation consisted of (1) a semi-structured interview which was conducted among 69 WAD patients; (2) a Delphi study involving 13 health professionals experienced in the assessment of patients with WAD; (3) a literature search for items from self-assessment questionnaires for neck pain.

Results: A 35-item condition-specific self-assessment questionnaire for patients with WAD was developed. This new questionnaire measures purely activity limitations and participation restrictions according to the ICF and is based on patients' opinions and expert opinions.

Conclusion: The whiplash activity and participation list tends to measure clinically relevant activity limitations and participation restrictions in WAD patients.

Citing Articles

Performance properties of health-related measurement instruments in whiplash: systematic review protocol.

Abedi A, Prinsen C, Shah I, Buser Z, Wang J Syst Rev. 2019; 8(1):199.

PMID: 31399055 PMC: 6688369. DOI: 10.1186/s13643-019-1119-0.

Confirmatory factor analysis of the neck disability index, comparing patients with whiplash associated disorders to a control group with non-specific neck pain.

Gabel C, Cuesta-Vargas A, Barr S, Winkeljohn Black S, Osborne J, Melloh M Eur Spine J. 2016; 25(7):2078-86.

PMID: 27040281 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-016-4543-z.

References

Cieza A, Brockow T, Ewert T, Amman E, Kollerits B, Chatterji S . Linking health-status measurements to the international classification of functioning, disability and health. J Rehabil Med. 2002; 34(5):205-10. DOI: 10.1080/165019702760279189. View

BenDebba M, Heller J, Ducker T, Eisinger J . Cervical spine outcomes questionnaire: its development and psychometric properties. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2002; 27(19):2116-23; discussion 2124. DOI: 10.1097/01.BRS.0000025729.35559.28. View

Elwyn G, Jones W, Rhydderch M, Edwards P . Developing a measure of patient access to primary care: the access response index (AROS). J Eval Clin Pract. 2003; 9(1):33-7. DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2753.2003.00386.x. View

Soderlund A, Lindberg P . Long-term functional and psychological problems in whiplash associated disorders. Int J Rehabil Res. 1999; 22(2):77-84. DOI: 10.1097/00004356-199906000-00001. View

Pinfold M, Niere K, OLeary E, Hoving J, Green S, Buchbinder R . Validity and internal consistency of a whiplash-specific disability measure. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2004; 29(3):263-8. DOI: 10.1097/01.brs.0000107238.15526.4c. View

Kaale B, Krakenes J, Albrektsen G, Wester K . Whiplash-associated disorders impairment rating: neck disability index score according to severity of MRI findings of ligaments and membranes in the upper cervical spine. J Neurotrauma. 2005; 22(4):466-75. DOI: 10.1089/neu.2005.22.466. View

Schmitt M, de Wijer A, van Genderen F, van der Graaf Y, Helders P, van Meeteren N . The Neck Bournemouth Questionnaire cross-cultural adaptation into Dutch and evaluation of its psychometric properties in a population with subacute and chronic whiplash associated disorders. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2009; 34(23):2551-61. DOI: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181b318c4. View

Verhoeven A, Boers M, van der Liden S . Validity of the MACTAR questionnaire as a functional index in a rheumatoid arthritis clinical trial. The McMaster Toronto Arthritis. J Rheumatol. 2000; 27(12):2801-9. View

Sterling M, Kenardy J . Physical and psychological aspects of whiplash: Important considerations for primary care assessment. Man Ther. 2008; 13(2):93-102. DOI: 10.1016/j.math.2007.11.003. View

10.

Gilson B, GILSON J, Bergner M, Bobbit R, Kressel S, Pollard W . The sickness impact profile. Development of an outcome measure of health care. Am J Public Health. 1975; 65(12):1304-10. PMC: 1776251. DOI: 10.2105/ajph.65.12.1304. View

11.

Willis C, Niere K, Hoving J, Green S, OLeary E, Buchbinder R . Reproducibility and responsiveness of the Whiplash Disability Questionnaire. Pain. 2004; 110(3):681-688. DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2004.05.008. View

12.

Steiner W, Ryser L, Huber E, Uebelhart D, Aeschlimann A, Stucki G . Use of the ICF model as a clinical problem-solving tool in physical therapy and rehabilitation medicine. Phys Ther. 2002; 82(11):1098-107. View

13.

Nordin M, Carragee E, Hogg-Johnson S, Weiner S, Hurwitz E, Peloso P . Assessment of neck pain and its associated disorders: results of the Bone and Joint Decade 2000-2010 Task Force on Neck Pain and Its Associated Disorders. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2008; 33(4 Suppl):S101-22. DOI: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181644ae8. View

14.

Williams N, Wilkinson C, Russell I . Extending the Aberdeen Back Pain Scale to include the whole spine: a set of outcome measures for the neck, upper and lower back. Pain. 2001; 94(3):261-274. DOI: 10.1016/S0304-3959(01)00360-8. View

15.

Pollard B, Dixon D, Dieppe P, Johnston M . Measuring the ICF components of impairment, activity limitation and participation restriction: an item analysis using classical test theory and item response theory. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2009; 7:41. PMC: 2696439. DOI: 10.1186/1477-7525-7-41. View

16.

Schmitt M, Schroder C, Stenneberg M, van Meeteren N, Helders P, Pollard B . Content validity of the Dutch version of the Neck Bournemouth Questionnaire. Man Ther. 2013; 18(5):386-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.math.2013.01.004. View

17.

Carroll L, Cassidy J, Cote P . Frequency, timing, and course of depressive symptomatology after whiplash. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2006; 31(16):E551-6. DOI: 10.1097/01.brs.0000225979.26966.9e. View

18.

Pollard B, Johnston M, Dixon D . Theoretical framework and methodological development of common subjective health outcome measures in osteoarthritis: a critical review. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2007; 5:14. PMC: 1832179. DOI: 10.1186/1477-7525-5-14. View

19.

Jordan A, Manniche C, Mosdal C, Hindsberger C . The Copenhagen Neck Functional Disability Scale: a study of reliability and validity. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1998; 21(8):520-7. View

20.

Vernon H, Mior S . The Neck Disability Index: a study of reliability and validity. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1991; 14(7):409-15. View