Vascular Risk Factors and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Alzheimer's Disease: the Cache County Study

Overview

Journal Int J Geriatr Psychiatry

Specialties Geriatrics
Psychiatry

Date 2013 May 18

PMID 23681754

Citations 16

Authors

Martin Steinberg

Kyle Hess

Chris Corcoran

Michelle M Mielke

Maria Norton

John Breitner

Robert Green

Jeannie Leoutsakos

Kathleen Welsh-Bohmer

Constantine Lyketsos

Joann Tschanz

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objective: Knowledge of potentially modifiable risk factors for neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is important. This study longitudinally explores modifiable vascular risk factors for NPS in AD.

Methods: Participants enrolled in the Cache County Study on Memory in Aging with no dementia at baseline were subsequently assessed over three additional waves, and those with incident (new onset) dementia were invited to join the Dementia Progression Study for longitudinal follow-up. A total of 327 participants with incident AD were identified and assessed for the following vascular factors: atrial fibrillation, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, angina, coronary artery bypass surgery, myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident, and use of antihypertensive or diabetes medicines. A vascular index (VI) was also calculated. NPS were assessed over time using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Affective and Psychotic symptom clusters were assessed separately. The association between vascular factors and change in NPI total score was analyzed using linear mixed model and in symptom clusters using a random effects model.

Results: No individual vascular risk factors or the VI significantly predicted change in any individual NPS. The use of antihypertensive medications more than four times per week was associated with higher total NPI and Affective cluster scores.

Conclusions: Use of antihypertensive medication was associated with higher total NPI and Affective cluster scores. The results of this study do not otherwise support vascular risk factors as modifiers of longitudinal change in NPS in AD.

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