Injury Initiates Unfavourable Weight Gain and Obesity Markers in Youth

Overview

Journal Br J Sports Med

Publisher BMJ Publishing Group

Specialty Orthopedics

Date 2013 May 16

PMID 23673521

Citations 23

Authors

Gregory D Myer

Avery D Faigenbaum

Kim Barber Foss

Yingying Xu

Jane Khoury

Lawrence M Dolan

Teri M McCambridge

Timothy E Hewett

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the association of knee injuries with subsequent changes in body mass index and body composition during maturation in young females.

Methods: A prospective longitudinal study design was employed to evaluate young females active in soccer or basketball (N=862). Participants who completed at least 1-year follow-up to provide consecutive annual measures of BMIZ and %fat were included in the study analysis to determine the effect of knee injuries on the trajectory of these obesity markers in youth.

Results: Of the 71 reported knee injuries, 12 (17%) occurred in athletes at the prepubertal stage, 24 (34%) in athletes at the pubertal stage, and 35 (49%) in postpubertal athletes. Controlling for the effects of maturation, female athletes who reported knee injury demonstrated a greater yearly increase in BMIZ (LS means and 95% CI for the injured group=0.039 (-0.012 to 0.089), for the non-injured group=-0.019 (-0.066 to 0.029), and group difference=0.057 (0.005 to 0.11), p=0.03) and in %body fat (LS means and 95% CI for the injured group=1.05 (0.45 to 1.65), for the non-injured group=0.22 (-0.21 to 0.064), and group difference=0.83 (0.21 to 1.45), p=0.009), compared to those without knee injuries. This indicates that the athletes with knee injuries will increase their body mass index percentile by up to 5 units more than someone of the same age without an injury, and in body fat by up to 1.5%, compared to their non-injured peers.

Conclusions: The present findings indicate that knee injury during the growing years may be associated with unfavourable changes in body composition.

Citing Articles

Longitudinal changes in adiposity following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and associations with knee symptoms and function.

Michaud A, Koskoletos C, Patterson B, Crossley K, Birmingham T, Culvenor A Osteoarthr Cartil Open. 2024; 6(2):100473.

PMID: 38737984 PMC: 11088183. DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2024.100473.

The association between lower limb fractures and weight gain in adults: a prospective analysis of body mass index trends.

Lari A, Haidar A, Mohammad H, Makhseed M, Alajmi M, Bahbahani R Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2024; 34(3):1563-1569.

PMID: 38300306 PMC: 10980615. DOI: 10.1007/s00590-024-03832-x.

Elective musculoskeletal surgery is associated with postoperative weight changes in pediatric and adolescent patients.

Huang S, Wilson P, Worrall H, Ramo B, Kapadia A, Ellis Jr H J Child Orthop. 2023; 17(5):489-496.

PMID: 37799309 PMC: 10549699. DOI: 10.1177/18632521231198250.

Knee pain in young sports players aged 6-15 years: a cross-sectional study in Japan.

Iwatsu J, Yabe Y, Sekiguchi T, Momma H, Tsuchiya M, Kanazawa K BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2023; 15(1):16.

PMID: 36750958 PMC: 9906902. DOI: 10.1186/s13102-022-00606-y.

The Effects of Early Physiotherapy Treatment on Musculoskeletal Injury Outcomes in Military Personnel: A Narrative Review.

Campbell P, Pope R, Simas V, Canetti E, Schram B, Orr R Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022; 19(20).

PMID: 36293997 PMC: 9602812. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013416.

References

Stodden D, Langendorfer S, Roberton M . The association between motor skill competence and physical fitness in young adults. Res Q Exerc Sport. 2009; 80(2):223-9. DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2009.10599556. View

Hoffman J, Kang J, Faigenbaum A, Ratamess N . Recreational sports participation is associated with enhanced physical fitness in children. Res Sports Med. 2006; 13(2):149-61. DOI: 10.1080/15438620590956179. View

Bout-Tabaku S, Best T . The adolescent knee and risk for osteoarthritis - an opportunity or responsibility for sport medicine physicians?. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2010; 9(6):329-31. DOI: 10.1249/JSR.0b013e3181fca311. View

Sugimoto D, Myer G, Bush H, Klugman M, Medina McKeon J, Hewett T . Compliance with neuromuscular training and anterior cruciate ligament injury risk reduction in female athletes: a meta-analysis. J Athl Train. 2012; 47(6):714-23. PMC: 3499896. DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-47.6.10. View

Yard E, Comstock D . Injury patterns by body mass index in US high school athletes. J Phys Act Health. 2011; 8(2):182-91. DOI: 10.1123/jpah.8.2.182. View

Hewett T, Myer G, Ford K . Decrease in neuromuscular control about the knee with maturation in female athletes. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2004; 86(8):1601-8. DOI: 10.2106/00004623-200408000-00001. View

Myer G, Sugimoto D, Thomas S, Hewett T . The influence of age on the effectiveness of neuromuscular training to reduce anterior cruciate ligament injury in female athletes: a meta-analysis. Am J Sports Med. 2012; 41(1):203-15. PMC: 4160039. DOI: 10.1177/0363546512460637. View

Weintraub D, Tirumalai E, Haydel K, Fujimoto M, Fulton J, Robinson T . Team sports for overweight children: the Stanford Sports to Prevent Obesity Randomized Trial (SPORT). Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2008; 162(3):232-7. DOI: 10.1001/archpediatrics.2007.43. View

Drake K, Beach M, Longacre M, MacKenzie T, Titus L, Rundle A . Influence of sports, physical education, and active commuting to school on adolescent weight status. Pediatrics. 2012; 130(2):e296-304. PMC: 3408684. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2011-2898. View

10.

Nimon G, Murray D, Sandow M, Goodfellow J . Natural history of anterior knee pain: a 14- to 20-year follow-up of nonoperative management. J Pediatr Orthop. 1998; 18(1):118-22. View

11.

Myer G, Faigenbaum A, Ford K, Best T, Bergeron M, Hewett T . When to initiate integrative neuromuscular training to reduce sports-related injuries and enhance health in youth?. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2011; 10(3):155-66. PMC: 3105332. DOI: 10.1249/JSR.0b013e31821b1442. View

12.

Blond L, Hansen L . Patellofemoral pain syndrome in athletes: a 5.7-year retrospective follow-up study of 250 athletes. Acta Orthop Belg. 1999; 64(4):393-400. View

13.

Myer G, Faigenbaum A, Chu D, Falkel J, Ford K, Best T . Integrative training for children and adolescents: techniques and practices for reducing sports-related injuries and enhancing athletic performance. Phys Sportsmed. 2011; 39(1):74-84. DOI: 10.3810/psm.2011.02.1854. View

14.

Strong W, Malina R, Blimkie C, Daniels S, Dishman R, Gutin B . Evidence based physical activity for school-age youth. J Pediatr. 2005; 146(6):732-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2005.01.055. View

15.

Dhondt E, Deforche B, Gentier I, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Vaeyens R, Philippaerts R . A longitudinal analysis of gross motor coordination in overweight and obese children versus normal-weight peers. Int J Obes (Lond). 2012; 37(1):61-7. DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2012.55. View

16.

Blagojevic M, Jinks C, Jeffery A, Jordan K . Risk factors for onset of osteoarthritis of the knee in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2009; 18(1):24-33. DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2009.08.010. View

17.

Davies P, Rose J . Motor skills of typically developing adolescents: awkwardness or improvement?. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr. 2001; 20(1):19-42. View

18.

Hewett T, Myer G, Ford K . Anterior cruciate ligament injuries in female athletes: Part 1, mechanisms and risk factors. Am J Sports Med. 2006; 34(2):299-311. DOI: 10.1177/0363546505284183. View

19.

Bloemers F, Collard D, Paw M, van Mechelen W, Twisk J, Verhagen E . Physical inactivity is a risk factor for physical activity-related injuries in children. Br J Sports Med. 2011; 46(9):669-74. DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2011-090546. View

20.

Quatman C, Ford K, Myer G, Paterno M, Hewett T . The effects of gender and pubertal status on generalized joint laxity in young athletes. J Sci Med Sport. 2007; 11(3):257-63. PMC: 2453596. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2007.05.005. View