Using Nonhuman Primates to Model HIV Transmission

Overview

Journal Curr Opin HIV AIDS

Specialty Infectious Diseases

Date 2013 May 14

PMID 23666391

Citations 22

Authors

Christine M Fennessey

Brandon F Keele

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Purpose Of Review: One of the major obstacles in fully understanding HIV transmission comes from the impracticality of studying transmission in humans. Because of this encumbrance, the early phases of HIV transmission and systemic dissemination are poorly understood. In order to fully comprehend these critical steps in HIV infection, animal models must be devised to accurately reflect HIV's mode of action. This review seeks to highlight the essential nature of modelling HIV transmission in nonhuman primates (NHPs).

Recent Findings: Recently, it was discovered that HIV infection is established in newly infected recipients by a single or few transmitted/founder variants. This has reshaped how animal modelling is conducted with researchers currently recapitulating a physiologically relevant, low-titre infection. Pertinent animal models have been established for the most common routes of infection, including rectal, vaginal and penile transmission; models for intravenous and oral transmission are still in developmental stages.

Summary: These limited dose models now accurately reflect HIV transmission in humans and provide a realistic experimental platform for vaccine development and other intervention strategies that can be used to inform vaccine development in humans. Using information obtained in NHP and human trials, it is conceivable to envision effective prevention modalities in the near future.

Citing Articles

Non-Human Primate Models of HIV Brain Infection and Cognitive Disorders.

Byrnes S, Angelovich T, Busman-Sahay K, Cochrane C, Roche M, Estes J Viruses. 2022; 14(9).

PMID: 36146803 PMC: 9500831. DOI: 10.3390/v14091997.

Clearance of HIV-1 or SIV reservoirs by promotion of apoptosis and inhibition of autophagy: Targeting intracellular molecules in cure-directed strategies.

Chen M, Li M, Budai M, Rice A, Kimata J, Mohan M J Leukoc Biol. 2022; 112(5):1245-1259.

PMID: 35362118 PMC: 9522917. DOI: 10.1002/JLB.4MR0222-606.

Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Susceptibility, Immunology, and Microbiome in the Female Genital Tract of Adolescent Versus Adult Pigtail Macaques.

Berard A, Miller C, Arainga M, Broedlow C, Noel-Romas L, Schifanella L AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2021; 37(7):510-522.

PMID: 33446027 PMC: 8260895. DOI: 10.1089/AID.2020.0271.

Characterization of Rhesus Macaque Liver-Resident CD49a NK Cells During Retrovirus Infections.

Ram D, Arias C, Kroll K, Hueber B, Manickam C, Jones R Front Immunol. 2020; 11:1676.

PMID: 32849583 PMC: 7411078. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01676.

Validation of the Viral Barcoding of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVmac239 and the Development of New Barcoded SIV and Subtype B and C Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Viruses.

Khanal S, Fennessey C, OBrien S, Thorpe A, Reid C, Immonen T J Virol. 2019; 94(1).

PMID: 31597757 PMC: 6912102. DOI: 10.1128/JVI.01420-19.

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