Role of the Placenta in Adverse Perinatal Outcomes Among HIV-1 Seropositive Women

Overview

Journal J Nippon Med Sch

Specialty General Medicine

Date 2013 May 10

PMID 23657060

Citations 9

Authors

William Ackerman 4th

Jesse J Kwiek

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Women seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) are at an increased risk for a number of adverse perinatal outcomes. Although efforts to reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV (MTCT) remain a priority in resource-limited countries, HIV testing and treatment have led to steep declines in MTCT in well-resourced countries. Even so, HIV seropositive pregnant women in the United States continue to deliver a disproportionately high number of preterm and low birth weight infants. In this mini-review, we address the role of the placenta in such HIV-related perinatal sequelae. We posit that adverse perinatal outcomes may result from two mutually non-exclusive routes: (1) HIV infection of the placenta proper, potentially leading to impaired maternal-fetal exchange; and (2) infection of the maternal decidual microenvironment, possibly disrupting normal placental implantation and development. Further research into the relationship between HIV-1 infection and placental pathology may lead to the development of novel strategies to improve birth outcomes among HIV-1 seropositive parturients.

Citing Articles

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A Systematic Review on Cardiometabolic Risks and Perinatal Outcomes among Pregnant Women Living with HIV in the Era of Antiretroviral Therapy.

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Histomorphometric Survey of Placentas of HIV-positive Mothers in Relation to their Clinical Stage in a Teaching Hospital in Uyo, South-South Nigeria.

Eziagu U, Abudu E, Ojo O Oman Med J. 2022; 37(6):e438.

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Final HIV status outcome for HIV-exposed infants at 18 months of age in nine states and the Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria.

Adelekan B, Harry-Erin B, Okposo M, Aliyu A, Ndembi N, Dakum P PLoS One. 2022; 17(2):e0263921.

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Perinatal outcomes in women living with HIV-1 and receiving antiretroviral therapy-a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Shinar S, Agrawal S, Ryu M, Walmsley S, Serghides L, Yudin M Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2021; 101(2):168-182.

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