Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease: Original Insights from the Framingham Heart Study

Overview

Journal Glob Heart

Publisher Ubiquity Press

Specialty Cardiology & Vascular Diseases

Date 2013 Apr 2

PMID 23544179

Citations 17

Authors

Mohammad U Qazi

Shaista Malik

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The role of diabetes in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) was unclear until 1979 when Kannel et al used data from the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) to identify diabetes as a major cardiovascular risk factor. It was also one of the first studies to demonstrate the higher risk of CVD in women with diabetes compared to men with diabetes. Since then, multiple studies have been done to recognize and curtail cardiovascular risk factors such as smoking, obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance. This review will examine the contribution of the Kannel article and subsequent studies in defining the contribution of several risk factors on cardiovascular disease.

Citing Articles

Diabetes mellitus in patients with heart failure and effect modification of risk factors for short-term mortality: An observational study from the Registro Colombiano de Falla Cardíaca (RECOLFACA).

Echeverria L, Saldarriaga C, Campbell-Quintero S, Morales-Rodriguez L, Lopez-Ponce de Leon J, Buitrago A Biomedica. 2024; 44(Sp. 1):182-197.

PMID: 39079149 PMC: 11368228. DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.6951.

The effect of overexpression of CyPA on gene expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

Yang W, Zhou X, Li Q, Yin M, Wang N Medicine (Baltimore). 2024; 103(29):e38886.

PMID: 39029007 PMC: 11398797. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000038886.

A Narrative Review of Diabetic Macroangiopathy: From Molecular Mechanism to Therapeutic Approaches.

Yin J, Fu X, Luo Y, Leng Y, Ao L, Xie C Diabetes Ther. 2024; 15(3):585-609.

PMID: 38302838 PMC: 10942953. DOI: 10.1007/s13300-024-01532-7.

Association of urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio with lipid abnormalities and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Khadka S, Yadav G, Subedi P, Amgain K, Sharma A, Joshi R Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2023; 85(9):4329-4333.

PMID: 37663740 PMC: 10473380. DOI: 10.1097/MS9.0000000000001045.

Diabetes is accompanied by secretion of pro-atherosclerotic exosomes from vascular smooth muscle cells.

Yu H, Douglas H, Wathieu D, Braun R, Edomwande C, Lightell Jr D Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2023; 22(1):112.

PMID: 37179303 PMC: 10183121. DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-01833-4.

References

Buse J, Ginsberg H, Bakris G, Clark N, Costa F, Eckel R . Primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases in people with diabetes mellitus: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association and the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care. 2006; 30(1):162-72. DOI: 10.2337/dc07-9917. View

Whiteley L, Padmanabhan S, Hole D, Isles C . Should diabetes be considered a coronary heart disease risk equivalent?: results from 25 years of follow-up in the Renfrew and Paisley survey. Diabetes Care. 2005; 28(7):1588-93. DOI: 10.2337/diacare.28.7.1588. View

Fox C, Sullivan L, DAgostino Sr R, Wilson P . The significant effect of diabetes duration on coronary heart disease mortality: the Framingham Heart Study. Diabetes Care. 2004; 27(3):704-8. DOI: 10.2337/diacare.27.3.704. View

Lee W, Cheung A, Cape D, Zinman B . Impact of diabetes on coronary artery disease in women and men: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Diabetes Care. 2000; 23(7):962-8. DOI: 10.2337/diacare.23.7.962. View

Cooper R, Cutler J, Desvigne-Nickens P, Fortmann S, Friedman L, Havlik R . Trends and disparities in coronary heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular diseases in the United States: findings of the national conference on cardiovascular disease prevention. Circulation. 2000; 102(25):3137-47. DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.102.25.3137. View

Whiting D, Guariguata L, Weil C, Shaw J . IDF diabetes atlas: global estimates of the prevalence of diabetes for 2011 and 2030. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2011; 94(3):311-21. DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2011.10.029. View

Folsom A, Wu K, Rosamond W, Sharrett A, Chambless L . Prospective study of hemostatic factors and incidence of coronary heart disease: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Circulation. 1997; 96(4):1102-8. DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.96.4.1102. View

Howard B, Cowan L, Go O, Welty T, Robbins D, Lee E . Adverse effects of diabetes on multiple cardiovascular disease risk factors in women. The Strong Heart Study. Diabetes Care. 1998; 21(8):1258-65. DOI: 10.2337/diacare.21.8.1258. View

Stengard J, Tuomilehto J, Pekkanen J, Kivinen P, Kaarsalo E, Nissinen A . Diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance and mortality among elderly men: the Finnish cohorts of the Seven Countries Study. Diabetologia. 1992; 35(8):760-5. DOI: 10.1007/BF00429097. View

10.

Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ounpuu S, Dans T, Avezum A, Lanas F . Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet. 2004; 364(9438):937-52. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)17018-9. View

11.

Lipscombe L, Hux J . Trends in diabetes prevalence, incidence, and mortality in Ontario, Canada 1995-2005: a population-based study. Lancet. 2007; 369(9563):750-756. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60361-4. View

12.

Rutter M, Meigs J, Sullivan L, DAgostino Sr R, Wilson P . C-reactive protein, the metabolic syndrome, and prediction of cardiovascular events in the Framingham Offspring Study. Circulation. 2004; 110(4):380-5. DOI: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000136581.59584.0E. View

13.

Wilson P, DAgostino R, Levy D, Belanger A, Silbershatz H, Kannel W . Prediction of coronary heart disease using risk factor categories. Circulation. 1998; 97(18):1837-47. DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.97.18.1837. View

14.

Anderson K, Odell P, Wilson P, Kannel W . Cardiovascular disease risk profiles. Am Heart J. 1991; 121(1 Pt 2):293-8. DOI: 10.1016/0002-8703(91)90861-b. View

15.

Meigs J, Jacques P, Selhub J, Singer D, Nathan D, Rifai N . Fasting plasma homocysteine levels in the insulin resistance syndrome: the Framingham offspring study. Diabetes Care. 2001; 24(8):1403-10. DOI: 10.2337/diacare.24.8.1403. View

16.

DAgostino Sr R, Vasan R, Pencina M, Wolf P, Cobain M, Massaro J . General cardiovascular risk profile for use in primary care: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 2008; 117(6):743-53. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.699579. View

17.

Dale A, Vatten L, Nilsen T, Midthjell K, Wiseth R . Secular decline in mortality from coronary heart disease in adults with diabetes mellitus: cohort study. BMJ. 2008; 337:a236. PMC: 2453302. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.39582.447998.BE. View

18.

Meigs J, Larson M, DAgostino R, Levy D, Clouse M, Nathan D . Coronary artery calcification in type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance: the framingham offspring study. Diabetes Care. 2002; 25(8):1313-9. DOI: 10.2337/diacare.25.8.1313. View

19.

. Report of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care. 1997; 20(7):1183-97. DOI: 10.2337/diacare.20.7.1183. View

20.

Huxley R, Barzi F, Woodward M . Excess risk of fatal coronary heart disease associated with diabetes in men and women: meta-analysis of 37 prospective cohort studies. BMJ. 2005; 332(7533):73-8. PMC: 1326926. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.38678.389583.7C. View