Synovial Chondromatosis of the Upper Extremity

Synovial chondromatosis is a rare, benign, proliferative cartilaginous lesion arising from the synovial tissue or bursal lining of or near joints. This disease process can be classified into intra-articular and extra-articular, or tenosynovial, subtypes. Diagnosis can often be delayed due to the rarity of the disease and its nonspecific symptoms of pain, reduced range of motion, or swelling. This article reviews the literature and describes the classification, clinical course, demographics, diagnosis, histology, and treatment of synovial chondromatosis and tenosynovial chondromatosis in the upper extremity.