Aerodynamic Factors Responsible for the Deaggregation of Carrier-free Drug Powders to Form Micrometer and Submicrometer Aerosols

Overview

Journal Pharm Res

Specialties Pharmacology
Pharmacy

Date 2013 Mar 9

PMID 23471640

Citations 32

Authors

P Worth Longest

Yoen-Ju Son

Landon Holbrook

Michael Hindle

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Purpose: To employ in vitro experiments combined with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis to determine which aerodynamic factors were most responsible for deaggregating carrier-free powders to form micrometer and submicrometer aerosols from a capsule-based platform.

Methods: Eight airflow passages were evaluated for deaggregation of the aerosol including a standard constricted tube, impaction surface, 2D mesh, inward radial jets, and newly proposed 3D grids and rod arrays. CFD simulations were implemented to evaluate existing and new aerodynamic factors for deaggregation and in vitro experiments were used to evaluate performance of each inhaler.

Results: For the carrier-free formulation considered, turbulence was determined to be the primary deaggregation mechanism. A strong quantitative correlation was established between the mass median diameter (MMD) and newly proposed non-dimensional specific dissipation (NDSD) factor, which accounts for turbulent energy, inverse of the turbulent length scale, and exposure time. A 3D rod array design with unidirectional elements maximized NDSD and produced the best deaggregation with MMD<1 μm.

Conclusions: The new NDSD parameter can be used to develop highly effective dry powder inhalers like the 3D rod array that can efficiently produce submicrometer aerosols for next-generation respiratory drug delivery applications.

Citing Articles

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Quantifying Agglomerate-to-Wall Impaction in Dry Powder Inhalers.

Azeem A, Singh G, Li L, Chan H, Yang R, Cheng S Pharm Res. 2022; 40(1):307-319.

PMID: 36471024 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03446-0.

Near Elimination of In Vitro Predicted Extrathoracic Aerosol Deposition in Children Using a Spray-Dried Antibiotic Formulation and Pediatric Air-Jet DPI.

Farkas D, Thomas M, Hassan A, Bonasera S, Hindle M, Longest W Pharm Res. 2022; 40(5):1193-1207.

PMID: 35761163 PMC: 10616820. DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03316-9.

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