The Rationale and Design of Insight into Nephrotic Syndrome: Investigating Genes, Health and Therapeutics (INSIGHT): a Prospective Cohort Study of Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome

Overview

Journal BMC Nephrol

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Nephrology

Date 2013 Jan 29

PMID 23351121

Citations 17

Authors

Neesha Hussain

J Anastasia Zello

Jovanka Vasilevska-Ristovska

Tonny M Banh

Viral P Patel

Pranali Patel

Christopher D Battiston

Diane Hebert

Christoph P B Licht

Tino D Piscione

Rulan S Parekh

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Nephrotic syndrome is one of the most commonly diagnosed kidney diseases in childhood and its progressive forms can lead to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and/or end-stage renal disease (ESRD). There have been few longitudinal studies among a multi-ethnic cohort to determine potential risk factors influencing disease susceptibility, treatment response, and progression of nephrotic syndrome. Temporal relationships cannot be studied through cross-sectional study design. Understanding the interaction between various factors is critical to developing new strategies for treating children with kidney disease. We present the rationale and the study design of a longitudinal cohort study of children with nephrotic syndrome, the Insight into Nephrotic Syndrome: Investigating Genes, Health and Therapeutics (INSIGHT) study. The specific aims are to determine: 1) socio-demographic, environmental, and genetic factors that influence disease susceptibility; 2) rates of steroid treatment resistance and steroid treatment dependence, and identify factors that may modify treatment response; 3) clinical and genetic factors that influence disease susceptibility and progression to CKD and ESRD; and 4) the interaction between the course of illness and socio-demographic, environmental, and clinical risk factors.

Methods/design: INSIGHT is a disease-based observational longitudinal cohort study of children with nephrotic syndrome. At baseline, participants complete questionnaires and provide biological specimen samples (blood, urine, and toenail clippings). Follow-up questionnaires and repeat biological specimen collections are performed annually for up to five years.

Discussion: The proposed cohort will provide the structure to test various risk factors predicting or influencing disease susceptibility, treatment response, and progression to CKD among children with nephrotic syndrome.

Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01605266.

Citing Articles

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Bahans C, Boyer O, Dunand O, Parmentier C, Ranchin B, Roussey G Pediatr Nephrol. 2025; .

PMID: 40032676 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-025-06676-7.

Comparative Efficacy of Nonsteroid Immunosuppressive Medications in Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome.

Robinson C, Aman N, Banh T, Brooke J, Chanchlani R, Cuthbertson B JAMA Pediatr. 2025; 179(3):321-331.

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Prolonged remission after cyclophosphamide or tacrolimus treatment in childhood nephrotic syndrome: a cohort study.

Robinson C, Aman N, Banh T, Brooke J, Chanchlani R, Dhillon V Pediatr Nephrol. 2024; .

PMID: 39576325 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-024-06605-0.

Incidence and Pathological Patterns of Nephrotic Syndrome among Infants and Children: A Systematic Review.

Alenazi S Cureus. 2024; 16(4):e58331.

PMID: 38752042 PMC: 11095912. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58331.

Common Risk Variants in Are Associated With Childhood Steroid Sensitive Nephrotic Syndrome.

Downie M, Gupta S, Voinescu C, Levine A, Sadeghi-Alavijeh O, Dufek-Kamperis S Kidney Int Rep. 2023; 8(8):1562-1574.

PMID: 37547536 PMC: 10403666. DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2023.05.018.

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