Achieving Salt Restriction in Chronic Kidney Disease

Overview

Journal Int J Nephrol

Publisher Wiley

Specialty Nephrology

Date 2013 Jan 16

PMID 23320173

Citations 23

Authors

Emma J McMahon

Katrina L Campbell

David W Mudge

Judith D Bauer

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

There is consistent evidence linking excessive dietary sodium intake to risk factors for cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression in CKD patients; however, additional research is needed. In research trials and clinical practice, implementing and monitoring sodium intake present significant challenges. Epidemiological studies have shown that sodium intake remains high, and intervention studies have reported varied success with participant adherence to a sodium-restricted diet. Examining barriers to sodium restriction, as well as factors that predict adherence to a low sodium diet, can aid researchers and clinicians in implementing a sodium-restricted diet. In this paper, we critically review methods for measuring sodium intake with a specific focus on CKD patients, appraise dietary adherence, and factors that have optimized sodium restriction in key research trials and discuss barriers to sodium restriction and factors that must be considered when recommending a sodium-restricted diet.

Citing Articles

The burden of chronic kidney disease attributable to high sodium intake: a longitudinal study in 1990-2019 in China.

Shen Y, Jiang L, Yu J, Chen B, Liu A, Guo Y Front Nutr. 2025; 11:1531358.

PMID: 39897530 PMC: 11783680. DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1531358.

Effect of a Low Salt Diet on the Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Prospective, Open-Label, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Trakarnvanich T, Chailimpamontree W, Kantachuvesiri S, Anutrakulchai S, Manomaipiboon B, Ngamvitchukorn T J Prim Care Community Health. 2024; 15:21501319241297766.

PMID: 39526855 PMC: 11555744. DOI: 10.1177/21501319241297766.

A Systematic Review of Salt Taste Function and Perception Impairments in Adults with Chronic Kidney Disease.

Tan S, Tuli P, Thio G, Noel B, Marshall B, Yu Z Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022; 19(19).

PMID: 36231932 PMC: 9564527. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912632.

Validation and reproducibility of a semi-qualitative food frequency questionnaire for assessment of sodium intake in Iranian population.

Mohammadifard N, Grau N, Khosravi A, Esmaillzadeh A, Feizi A, Abdollahi Z Nutr J. 2022; 21(1):9.

PMID: 35114984 PMC: 8815124. DOI: 10.1186/s12937-021-00749-7.

Altered dietary salt intake for people with chronic kidney disease.

McMahon E, Campbell K, Bauer J, Mudge D, Kelly J Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021; 6:CD010070.

PMID: 34164803 PMC: 8222708. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD010070.pub3.

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