Prevalence and Correlates of Tobacco Smoking, Awareness of Hazards, and Quitting Behavior Among Persons Aged 30 Years or Above in a Resettlement Colony of Delhi, India

Aim: To assess the prevalence and correlates of current smoking, awareness of hazards, and quitting behavior among smokers 30 years and above.

Materials And Methods:

Study Design: Cross-sectional;

Setting: Gokulpuri, a resettlement colony in East Delhi, India;

Sample Size: 911, persons aged 30 years and above using systematic random sampling; Study tools: Semi-structured questionnaire.

Results: Prevalence of current smoking was found to be 24.6% (95% CI 21.90 - 27.49). Majority 198 (88.4%) of current smokers smoked bidi exclusively, and on an average 13.5 bidi/cigarette were smoked per day. Multivariate analysis showed the factors associated with current smoking as male sex, advancing age, illiteracy, skilled occupation, low socio-economic status, and low BMI (P < 0.001). 64.2% were aware of the hazards of smoking. 63 (21.9%) had quit smoking in the past, majority due to the health problems. Low educational status was associated with poor hazard awareness and quitting behavior.

Conclusion: Smoking is a significant problem among poor and illiterate males, shows an increasing trend with an advancing age and is directly associated with skilled occupation and low BMI. There are significant gaps in knowledge regarding hazards of smoking.