In with the Old, in with the New: the Promiscuity of the Duplication Process Engenders Diverse Pathways for Novel Gene Creation

Overview

Journal Int J Evol Biol

Publisher Hindawi

Specialty Biology

Date 2012 Sep 26

PMID 23008799

Citations 22

Authors

Vaishali Katju

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The gene duplication process has exhibited far greater promiscuity in the creation of paralogs with novel exon-intron structures than anticipated even by Ohno. In this paper I explore the history of the field, from the neo-Darwinian synthesis through Ohno's formulation of the canonical model for the evolution of gene duplicates and culminating in the present genomic era. I delineate the major tenets of Ohno's model and discuss its failure to encapsulate the full complexity of the duplication process as revealed in the era of genomics. I discuss the diverse classes of paralogs originating from both DNA- and RNA-mediated duplication events and their evolutionary potential for assuming radically altered functions, as well as the degree to which they can function unconstrained from the pressure of gene conversion. Lastly, I explore theoretical population-genetic considerations of how the effective population size (N(e)) of a species may influence the probability of emergence of genes with radically altered functions.

Citing Articles

Dosage sensitivity and exon shuffling shape the landscape of polymorphic duplicates in Drosophila and humans.

Zhang D, Leng L, Chen C, Huang J, Zhang Y, Yuan H Nat Ecol Evol. 2021; 6(3):273-287.

PMID: 34969986 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-021-01614-w.

DNA transposons mediate duplications via transposition-independent and -dependent mechanisms in metazoans.

Tan S, Ma H, Wang J, Wang M, Wang M, Yin H Nat Commun. 2021; 12(1):4280.

PMID: 34257290 PMC: 8277862. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24585-9.

BLAST from the Past: Impacts of Evolving Approaches on Studies of Evolution by Gene Duplication.

Chain F, Assis R Genome Biol Evol. 2021; 13(7).

PMID: 34164667 PMC: 8325566. DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evab149.

Methylamine-specific methyltransferase paralogs in Methanosarcina are functionally distinct despite frequent gene conversion.

Nayak D, Metcalf W ISME J. 2019; 13(9):2173-2182.

PMID: 31053830 PMC: 6776008. DOI: 10.1038/s41396-019-0428-6.

Old Trade, New Tricks: Insights into the Spontaneous Mutation Process from the Partnering of Classical Mutation Accumulation Experiments with High-Throughput Genomic Approaches.

Katju V, Bergthorsson U Genome Biol Evol. 2018; 11(1):136-165.

PMID: 30476040 PMC: 6330053. DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evy252.

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