Individual and Peer Factors Associated with Ketamine Use Among Adolescents in Taiwan

Overview

Journal Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

Specialties Pediatrics
Psychiatry

Date 2012 Jun 23

PMID 22722663

Citations 6

Authors

Kun-Hua Lee

Yi-Chun Yeh

Pin-Chen Yang

Huang-Chi Lin

Peng-Wei Wang

Tai-Ling Liu

Cheng-Fang Yen

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the individual (demographic characteristics, substance-using behaviors, emotional status, and negative outcome expectancy) and peer factors associated with ketamine use in Taiwanese adolescents. A total of 9,860 adolescents completed the self-report questionnaires without omission. Demographic characteristics, substance-using behaviors, emotional status, negative outcome expectancy, and peer factors were compared between the ketamine users and non-users using the Mann-Whitney U test and the Chi-square test, and then significant factors were further selected for stepwise logistic regression analysis to examine the associated factors of ketamine use. Sixty-nine (0.7%) participants reported having used ketamine in the past year. The results of logistic regression analysis indicated that ketamine users were more likely to use marijuana, smoke cigarettes, have peers using illicit drugs, and have a lower level of negative outcome expectancy regarding using ketamine than ketamine non-users. The associated factors found in this study should be taken into consideration when developing prevention and intervention programs for ketamine use in adolescents.

Citing Articles

Mis-anaesthetized society: expectancies and recreational use of ketamine in Taiwan.

Chang C, Wu T, Ting T, Chen C, Su L, Chen W BMC Public Health. 2019; 19(1):1307.

PMID: 31623586 PMC: 6798441. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7616-1.

Difference in long-term relapse rates between youths with ketamine use and those with stimulants use.

Wang L, Chen M, Lin C, Chong M, Chou W, You Y Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy. 2018; 13(1):50.

PMID: 30577882 PMC: 6303878. DOI: 10.1186/s13011-018-0188-8.

A family-oriented therapy program for youths with substance abuse: long-term outcomes related to relapse and academic or social status.

Wang L, Lu S, Chong M, Chou W, Hsieh Y, Tsai T Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2016; 12:699-706.

PMID: 27099500 PMC: 4820190. DOI: 10.2147/NDT.S105199.

The health belief model and number of peers with internet addiction as inter-related factors of Internet addiction among secondary school students in Hong Kong.

Wang Y, Wu A, Lau J BMC Public Health. 2016; 16:272.

PMID: 26983882 PMC: 4794899. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-2947-7.

A family-oriented treatment program for youths with ketamine abuse and their caregivers: a pilot study in Taiwan.

Wang L, Lu S, Chou W, Chong M, Wang Y, Hsieh Y Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2015; 11:1921-7.

PMID: 26261419 PMC: 4527575. DOI: 10.2147/NDT.S84562.

References

Myers R, Chou C, Sussman S, Baezconde-Garbanati L, Pachon H, Valente T . Acculturation and substance use: social influence as a mediator among Hispanic alternative high school youth. J Health Soc Behav. 2009; 50(2):164-79. PMC: 4181567. DOI: 10.1177/002214650905000204. View

Adler C, Malhotra A, Elman I, Goldberg T, Egan M, Pickar D . Comparison of ketamine-induced thought disorder in healthy volunteers and thought disorder in schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry. 1999; 156(10):1646-9. DOI: 10.1176/ajp.156.10.1646. View

Lim D . Ketamine associated psychedelic effects and dependence. Singapore Med J. 2003; 44(1):31-4. View

Clark A, Loheac Y . "It wasn't me, it was them!" social influence in risky behavior by adolescents. J Health Econ. 2006; 26(4):763-84. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2006.11.005. View

Garcia L, Comim C, Valvassori S, Reus G, Barbosa L, Andreazza A . Acute administration of ketamine induces antidepressant-like effects in the forced swimming test and increases BDNF levels in the rat hippocampus. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2007; 32(1):140-4. DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2007.07.027. View

Galvan A, Hare T, Voss H, Glover G, Casey B . Risk-taking and the adolescent brain: who is at risk?. Dev Sci. 2007; 10(2):F8-F14. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2006.00579.x. View

Price R, Nock M, Charney D, Mathew S . Effects of intravenous ketamine on explicit and implicit measures of suicidality in treatment-resistant depression. Biol Psychiatry. 2009; 66(5):522-6. PMC: 2935847. DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.04.029. View

White B, Degenhardt L, Breen C, Bruno R, Newman J, Proudfoot P . Risk and benefit perceptions of party drug use. Addict Behav. 2005; 31(1):137-42. DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2005.04.003. View

Degenhardt L, Dunn M . The epidemiology of GHB and ketamine use in an Australian household survey. Int J Drug Policy. 2007; 19(4):311-6. DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2007.08.007. View

10.

Lankenau S, Sanders B, Jackson Bloom J, Hathazi D . Towards an Explanation of Subjective Ketamine Experiences among Young Injection Drug Users. Addict Res Theory. 2008; 16(3):273-287. PMC: 2568891. DOI: 10.1080/16066350801983749. View

11.

Chou L, Ho C, Chen C, Chen W . Truancy and illicit drug use among adolescents surveyed via street outreach. Addict Behav. 2005; 31(1):149-54. DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2005.04.011. View

12.

Muetzelfeldt L, Kamboj S, Rees H, Taylor J, Morgan C, Curran H . Journey through the K-hole: phenomenological aspects of ketamine use. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2008; 95(3):219-29. DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.01.024. View

13.

Schifano F, Corkery J, Oyefeso A, Tonia T, Ghodse A . Trapped in the "K-hole": overview of deaths associated with ketamine misuse in the UK (1993-2006). J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2008; 28(1):114-6. DOI: 10.1097/JCP.0b013e3181612cdc. View

14.

Yen C, Hsu S, Cheng C . Polysubstance use and its correlates in adolescent ecstasy users in Taiwan. Addict Behav. 2007; 32(10):2286-91. DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2007.01.022. View

15.

Huizink A, Ferdinand R, van der Ende J, Verhulst F . Symptoms of anxiety and depression in childhood and use of MDMA: prospective, population based study. BMJ. 2006; 332(7545):825-8. PMC: 1432198. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.38743.539398.3A. View

16.

Lerner R, Castellino D . Contemporary developmental theory and adolescence: developmental systems and applied developmental science. J Adolesc Health. 2002; 31(6 Suppl):122-35. DOI: 10.1016/s1054-139x(02)00495-0. View

17.

Wu L, Schlenger W, Galvin D . Concurrent use of methamphetamine, MDMA, LSD, ketamine, GHB, and flunitrazepam among American youths. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2006; 84(1):102-13. PMC: 1609189. DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.01.002. View

18.

Ng S, Tse M, Ng H, Lau F . Emergency department presentation of ketamine abusers in Hong Kong: a review of 233 cases. Hong Kong Med J. 2010; 16(1):6-11. View

19.

Vangsness L, Bry B, Labouvie E . Impulsivity, negative expectancies, and marijuana use: a test of the acquired preparedness model. Addict Behav. 2005; 30(5):1071-6. DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2004.11.003. View

20.

Yen C, Ko C, Yen J, Cheng C . The multidimensional correlates associated with short nocturnal sleep duration and subjective insomnia among Taiwanese adolescents. Sleep. 2008; 31(11):1515-25. PMC: 2579980. DOI: 10.1093/sleep/31.11.1515. View