Effects of Alcohol, Lithium, and Homocysteine on Nonmuscle Myosin-II in the Mouse Placenta and Human Trophoblasts

Overview

Journal Am J Obstet Gynecol

Publisher Elsevier

Specialty Gynecology & Obstetrics

Date 2012 Jun 19

PMID 22704764

Citations 13

Authors

Mingda Han

Ana Luisa Neves

Maria Serrano

Pilar Brinez

James C Huhta

Ganesh Acharya

Kersti K Linask

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objective: Mouse embryonic exposure to alcohol, lithium, and homocysteine results in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and cardiac defects. Our present study focused on the placental effects. We analyzed the hypothesis that expression of nonmuscle myosin (NMM)-II isoforms involved in cell motility, mechanosensing, and extracellular matrix assembly are altered by the 3 factors in human trophoblast (HTR8/SVneo) cells in vitro and in the mouse placenta in vivo.

Study Design: After exposure during gastrulation to alcohol, homocysteine, or lithium, ultrasonography defined embryos exhibiting abnormal placental blood flow.

Results: NMM-IIA/NMM-IIB are differentially expressed in trophoblasts and in mouse placental vascular endothelial cells under pathological conditions. Misexpression of NMM-IIA/NMM-IIB in the affected placentas continued stably to midgestation but can be prevented by folate and myoinositol supplementation.

Conclusion: It is concluded that folate and myoinositol initiated early in mouse pregnancy can restore NMM-II expression, permit normal placentation/embryogenesis, and prevent IUGR induced by alcohol, lithium, and homocysteine.

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