Cytomegalovirus Infection and the Gastrointestinal Tract

Overview

Journal Curr Gastroenterol Rep

Specialty Gastroenterology

Date 2012 May 17

PMID 22588614

Citations 41

Authors

David M You

Mark D Johnson

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is common worldwide, but the majority are asymptomatic. However, during initial infection or reactivation, CMV can cause tissue-invasive end-organ damage including in the gastrointestinal tract, especially in immunocompromised individuals. Gastrointestinal CMV disease can present with myriad of symptoms and be highly variable endoscopically. In this article we review the manifestations of CMV infection within the luminal gastrointestinal tract and discuss the options for diagnosis and management.

Citing Articles

Coinfection of cytomegalovirus and strongyloidiasis presenting as massive gastrointestinal bleeding in an immunocompromised host: a case report.

Huu T, Thu H, Quy K, Thanh M, Thi N, Ngoc Q Front Med (Lausanne). 2024; 11:1438689.

PMID: 39635602 PMC: 11615966. DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1438689.

Long-Term Follow Up of Patients Treated for Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Cytomegalovirus Colitis.

Singh G, Rentsch C, Beattie W, Christensen B, Macrae F, Segal J Diagnostics (Basel). 2024; 14(18).

PMID: 39335709 PMC: 11431378. DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14182030.

Cytomegalovirus Ileitis in a Patient With Post-severe Trauma: A Case Report.

Tsai Y, Lu J, Wang C In Vivo. 2024; 38(5):2562-2564.

PMID: 39187352 PMC: 11363795. DOI: 10.21873/invivo.13731.

Good's syndrome combined with CMV gastroenteritis: A case report and literature review.

Li X, Liu Y Clin Case Rep. 2024; 12(6):e9024.

PMID: 38883220 PMC: 11176722. DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.9024.

Comparative Analysis of Cytomegalovirus Gastrointestinal Disease in Immunocompetent and Immunocompromised Patients.

Yeh P, Wu R, Tsou Y, Chen C, Chiu C, Chen C Viruses. 2024; 16(3).

PMID: 38543817 PMC: 10974964. DOI: 10.3390/v16030452.

References

Hommes D, Sterringa G, van Deventer S, Tytgat G, Weel J . The pathogenicity of cytomegalovirus in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and evidence-based recommendations for future research. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2004; 10(3):245-50. DOI: 10.1097/00054725-200405000-00011. View

Baehr P, McDonald G . Esophageal infections: risk factors, presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. Gastroenterology. 1994; 106(2):509-32. DOI: 10.1016/0016-5085(94)90613-0. View

Andrews P, Emery V, Newstead C . Summary of the British Transplantation Society Guidelines for the Prevention and Management of CMV Disease After Solid Organ Transplantation. Transplantation. 2011; 92(11):1181-7. DOI: 10.1097/TP.0b013e318235c7fc. View

Laguna F, Garcia-Samaniego J, Alonso M, Alvarez I, Gonzalez-Lahoz J . Pseudotumoral appearance of cytomegalovirus esophagitis and gastritis in AIDS patients. Am J Gastroenterol. 1993; 88(7):1108-11. View

KAUFMAN H, Kahn A, Iacobuzio-Donahue C, Talamini M, Lillemoe K, Hamilton S . Cytomegaloviral enterocolitis: clinical associations and outcome. Dis Colon Rectum. 1999; 42(1):24-30. DOI: 10.1007/BF02235178. View

Linares L, Sanclemente G, Cervera C, Hoyo I, Cofan F, Ricart M . Influence of cytomegalovirus disease in outcome of solid organ transplant patients. Transplant Proc. 2011; 43(6):2145-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2011.05.007. View

Cvetkovic R, Wellington K . Valganciclovir: a review of its use in the management of CMV infection and disease in immunocompromised patients. Drugs. 2005; 65(6):859-78. DOI: 10.2165/00003495-200565060-00012. View

Domenech E, Vega R, Ojanguren I, Hernandez A, Garcia-Planella E, Bernal I . Cytomegalovirus infection in ulcerative colitis: a prospective, comparative study on prevalence and diagnostic strategy. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2008; 14(10):1373-9. DOI: 10.1002/ibd.20498. View

de la Hoz R, Stephens G, Sherlock C . Diagnosis and treatment approaches of CMV infections in adult patients. J Clin Virol. 2002; 25 Suppl 2:S1-12. DOI: 10.1016/s1386-6532(02)00091-4. View

10.

Squizzato A, Ageno W, Cattaneo A, Brumana N . A case report and literature review of portal vein thrombosis associated with cytomegalovirus infection in immunocompetent patients. Clin Infect Dis. 2006; 44(2):e13-6. DOI: 10.1086/509641. View

11.

Humar A, Gregson D, Caliendo A, McGeer A, Malkan G, Krajden M . Clinical utility of quantitative cytomegalovirus viral load determination for predicting cytomegalovirus disease in liver transplant recipients. Transplantation. 1999; 68(9):1305-11. DOI: 10.1097/00007890-199911150-00015. View

12.

Kaul D, Stoelben S, Cober E, Ojo T, Sandusky E, Lischka P . First report of successful treatment of multidrug-resistant cytomegalovirus disease with the novel anti-CMV compound AIC246. Am J Transplant. 2011; 11(5):1079-84. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2011.03530.x. View

13.

Dieterich D, Poles M, Lew E, Martin-Munley S, Johnson J, Nix D . Treatment of gastrointestinal cytomegalovirus infection with twice-daily foscarnet: a pilot study of safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics in patients with AIDS. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1997; 41(6):1226-30. PMC: 163891. DOI: 10.1128/AAC.41.6.1226. View

14.

Nagata N, Kobayakawa M, Shimbo T, Hoshimoto K, Yada T, Gotoda T . Diagnostic value of antigenemia assay for cytomegalovirus gastrointestinal disease in immunocompromised patients. World J Gastroenterol. 2011; 17(9):1185-91. PMC: 3063912. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i9.1185. View

15.

Quenelle D, Lampert B, Collins D, Rice T, Painter G, Kern E . Efficacy of CMX001 against herpes simplex virus infections in mice and correlations with drug distribution studies. J Infect Dis. 2010; 202(10):1492-9. PMC: 2957530. DOI: 10.1086/656717. View

16.

Kram H, Shoemaker W . Intestinal perforation due to cytomegalovirus infection in patients with AIDS. Dis Colon Rectum. 1990; 33(12):1037-40. DOI: 10.1007/BF02139220. View

17.

Fica A, Cervera C, Perez N, Marcos M, Ramirez J, Linares L . Immunohistochemically proven cytomegalovirus end-organ disease in solid organ transplant patients: clinical features and usefulness of conventional diagnostic tests. Transpl Infect Dis. 2007; 9(3):203-10. DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3062.2007.00220.x. View

18.

Laing R, Dykhuizen R, Smith C, Molyneaux P . Parenteral ganciclovir treatment of acute CMV infection in the immunocompetent host. Infection. 1997; 25(1):44-6. DOI: 10.1007/BF02113508. View

19.

Lawlor G, Moss A . Cytomegalovirus in inflammatory bowel disease: pathogen or innocent bystander?. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2010; 16(9):1620-7. DOI: 10.1002/ibd.21275. View

20.

Limaye A . Ganciclovir-resistant cytomegalovirus in organ transplant recipients. Clin Infect Dis. 2002; 35(7):866-72. DOI: 10.1086/342385. View