Topological Analysis of Small Leucine-rich Repeat Proteoglycan Nyctalopin

Overview

Journal PLoS One

Specialties General Medicine
Science

Date 2012 Apr 10

PMID 22485138

Citations 6

Authors

Pasano Bojang Jr

Ronald G Gregg

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Nyctalopin is a small leucine rich repeat proteoglycan (SLRP) whose function is critical for normal vision. The absence of nyctalopin results in the complete form of congenital stationary night blindness. Normally, glutamate released by photoreceptors binds to the metabotropic glutamate receptor type 6 (GRM6), which through a G-protein cascade closes the non-specific cation channel, TRPM1, on the dendritic tips of depolarizing bipolar cells (DBCs) in the retina. Nyctalopin has been shown to interact with TRPM1 and expression of TRPM1 on the dendritic tips of the DBCs is dependent on nyctalopin expression. In the current study, we used yeast two hybrid and biochemical approaches to investigate whether murine nyctalopin was membrane bound, and if so by what mechanism, and also whether the functional form was as a homodimer. Our results show that murine nyctalopin is anchored to the plasma membrane by a single transmembrane domain, such that the LRR domain is located in the extracellular space.

Citing Articles

ASPORIN: A root of the matter in tumors and their host environment.

Lall S, Alsafwani Z, Batra S, Seshacharyulu P Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer. 2023; 1879(1):189029.

PMID: 38008263 PMC: 10872503. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189029.

Small Leucine-Rich Proteoglycans (SLRPs) in the Retina.

Low S, Connor T, Kassem I, Costakos D, Chaurasia S Int J Mol Sci. 2021; 22(14).

PMID: 34298915 PMC: 8305803. DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147293.

A Large Endoplasmic Reticulum-Resident Pool of TRPM1 in Retinal ON-Bipolar Cells.

Agosto M, Anastassov I, Robichaux M, Wensel T eNeuro. 2018; 5(3).

PMID: 30027108 PMC: 6051591. DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0143-18.2018.

The Transduction Cascade in Retinal ON-Bipolar Cells: Signal Processing and Disease.

Martemyanov K, Sampath A Annu Rev Vis Sci. 2017; 3:25-51.

PMID: 28715957 PMC: 5778350. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-vision-102016-061338.

Proteoglycan form and function: A comprehensive nomenclature of proteoglycans.

Iozzo R, Schaefer L Matrix Biol. 2015; 42:11-55.

PMID: 25701227 PMC: 4859157. DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2015.02.003.

References

Koike C, Obara T, Uriu Y, Numata T, Sanuki R, Miyata K . TRPM1 is a component of the retinal ON bipolar cell transduction channel in the mGluR6 cascade. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009; 107(1):332-7. PMC: 2806705. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0912730107. View

Nawy S, Jahr C . cGMP-gated conductance in retinal bipolar cells is suppressed by the photoreceptor transmitter. Neuron. 1991; 7(4):677-83. DOI: 10.1016/0896-6273(91)90380-i. View

Liu J, Laue T, Choi H, Tang L, Rosenberg L . The self-association of biglycan from bovine articular cartilage. J Biol Chem. 1994; 269(45):28366-73. View

Nomura A, Shigemoto R, Nakamura Y, Okamoto N, Mizuno N, Nakanishi S . Developmentally regulated postsynaptic localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor in rat rod bipolar cells. Cell. 1994; 77(3):361-9. DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(94)90151-1. View

De Matteis M, Luini A . Exiting the Golgi complex. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2008; 9(4):273-84. DOI: 10.1038/nrm2378. View

Jiang L . Subunit interaction in channel assembly and functional regulation of transient receptor potential melastatin (TRPM) channels. Biochem Soc Trans. 2007; 35(Pt 1):86-8. DOI: 10.1042/BST0350086. View

Shiells R, Falk G . Glutamate receptors of rod bipolar cells are linked to a cyclic GMP cascade via a G-protein. Proc Biol Sci. 1990; 242(1304):91-4. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.1990.0109. View

Meadows L, Gell D, Broadie K, Gould A, White R . The cell adhesion molecule, connectin, and the development of the Drosophila neuromuscular system. J Cell Sci. 1994; 107 ( Pt 1):321-8. DOI: 10.1242/jcs.107.1.321. View

Cao Y, Posokhova E, Martemyanov K . TRPM1 forms complexes with nyctalopin in vivo and accumulates in postsynaptic compartment of ON-bipolar neurons in mGluR6-dependent manner. J Neurosci. 2011; 31(32):11521-6. PMC: 3164511. DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1682-11.2011. View

10.

Perrimon N, Bernfield M . Cellular functions of proteoglycans--an overview. Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2001; 12(2):65-7. DOI: 10.1006/scdb.2000.0237. View

11.

Eisenhaber B, Bork P, Eisenhaber F . Prediction of potential GPI-modification sites in proprotein sequences. J Mol Biol. 1999; 292(3):741-58. DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.1999.3069. View

12.

Dancourt J, Barlowe C . Protein sorting receptors in the early secretory pathway. Annu Rev Biochem. 2010; 79:777-802. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-061608-091319. View

13.

Scott P, McEwan P, Dodd C, Bergmann E, Bishop P, Bella J . Crystal structure of the dimeric protein core of decorin, the archetypal small leucine-rich repeat proteoglycan. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004; 101(44):15633-8. PMC: 524833. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0402976101. View

14.

Egea P, Stroud R, Walter P . Targeting proteins to membranes: structure of the signal recognition particle. Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2005; 15(2):213-20. DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2005.03.007. View

15.

Schaefer L, Iozzo R . Biological functions of the small leucine-rich proteoglycans: from genetics to signal transduction. J Biol Chem. 2008; 283(31):21305-9. PMC: 2490788. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.R800020200. View

16.

Johnsson N, Varshavsky A . Split ubiquitin as a sensor of protein interactions in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994; 91(22):10340-4. PMC: 45015. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.91.22.10340. View

17.

Cheng W, Sun C, Zheng J . Heteromerization of TRP channel subunits: extending functional diversity. Protein Cell. 2011; 1(9):802-10. PMC: 4875230. DOI: 10.1007/s13238-010-0108-9. View

18.

OConnor E, Eisenhaber B, Dalley J, Wang T, Missen C, Bulleid N . Species specific membrane anchoring of nyctalopin, a small leucine-rich repeat protein. Hum Mol Genet. 2005; 14(13):1877-87. DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddi194. View

19.

Windisch J, Marksteiner R, Schneider R . Nerve growth factor binding site on TrkA mapped to a single 24-amino acid leucine-rich motif. J Biol Chem. 1995; 270(47):28133-8. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.47.28133. View

20.

Wahlberg J, Spiess M . Multiple determinants direct the orientation of signal-anchor proteins: the topogenic role of the hydrophobic signal domain. J Cell Biol. 1997; 137(3):555-62. PMC: 2139883. DOI: 10.1083/jcb.137.3.555. View