Three-dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Strength, Stability, and Stress Distribution in Orthodontic Anchorage: a Conical, Self-drilling Miniscrew Implant System

Introduction: The aims of this study were to analyze the stress distribution and displacement patterns that develop in an orthodontic miniscrew implant and its surrounding osseous structures for 2 implant materials under horizontal and torsional loading, with no ossseointegration.

Methods: A numeric approach was adopted. The finite element method was used to determine the stress and displacement of the various components at a given time after miniscrew implant application, when, due to viscoelastic relaxation effects, the only remaining stress field was from the application of the orthodontic load.

Results: Stress distribution was not significantly different between the 2 types of implant material. Increased stress values were located at the necks of the implants and the surrounding cortical bone. Bending of the titanium miniscrew was observed in the neck region under horizontal traction.

Conclusions: The differences between the values of stress and displacement we obtained for the 2 types of miniscrew were too small to be clinically significant. Optimization of the miniscrew implant composed of the titanium alloy might be achieved by increasing the bulk (quantity) of the material in the neck region. The miniscrew implant can be immediately loaded and used for group movement of teeth.