De Novo Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis III in a Renal Transplant Patient: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Idiopathic membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) is a rare cause of renal failure with a cumulative incidence of 0.3% of all ESRD and 4% of all primary glomerulonephritis for types I and II. Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type III is more uncommon and idiopathic de novo MPGN III in a renal transplant patient has not been reported. We present the case of a 57-year old white female patient with a diagnosis of lithium toxicity as cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD) who developed MPGN III in her allograft 6 years after a renal transplant. Despite treatment, she progressed to ESRD within four and a half years from the time of diagnosis.