β-catenin is a Molecular Switch That Regulates Transition of Cell-cell Adhesion to Fusion

Overview

Journal Sci Rep

Specialty Science

Date 2012 Feb 23

PMID 22355587

Citations 16

Authors

Youki Takezawa

Keiichi Yoshida

Kenji Miyado

Masahiro Sato

Akihiro Nakamura

Natsuko Kawano

Keiichi Sakakibara

Takahiko Kondo

Yuichirou Harada

Naoko Ohnami

Seiya Kanai

Mami Miyado

Hidekazu Saito

Yuji Takahashi

Hidenori Akutsu

Akihiro Umezawa

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

When a sperm and an oocyte unite upon fertilization, their cell membranes adhere and fuse, but little is known about the factors regulating sperm-oocyte adhesion. Here we explored the role of β-catenin in sperm-oocyte adhesion. Biochemical analysis revealed that E-cadherin and β-catenin formed a complex in oocytes and also in sperm. Sperm-oocyte adhesion was impaired when β-catenin-deficient oocytes were inseminated with sperm. Furthermore, expression of β-catenin decreased from the sperm head and the site of an oocyte to which a sperm adheres after completion of sperm-oocyte adhesion. UBE1-41, an inhibitor of ubiquitin-activating enzyme 1, inhibited the degradation of β-catenin, and reduced the fusing ability of wild-type (but not β-catenin-deficient) oocytes. These results indicate that β-catenin is not only involved in membrane adhesion, but also in the transition to membrane fusion upon fertilization.

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