Childhood Obesity: a Life-long Health Risk

Overview

Journal Acta Pharmacol Sin

Specialty Pharmacology

Date 2012 Feb 4

PMID 22301858

Citations 38

Authors

Matthias Barton

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Childhood obesity has become major health concern for physicians, parents, and health agencies around the world. Childhood obesity is associated with an increased risk for other diseases not only during youth but also later in life, including diabetes, arterial hypertension, coronary artery disease, and fatty liver disease. Importantly, obesity accelerates atherosclerosis progression already in children and young adults. With regard to pathophysiological changes in the vasculature, the striking similarities between physiological changes related to aging and obesity-related abnormalities are compatible with the concept that obesity causes "premature" vascular aging. This article reviews factors underlying the accelerated vascular disease development due to obesity. It also highlights the importance of recognizing childhood obesity as a disease condition and its permissive role in aggravating the development of other diseases. The importance of childhood obesity for disease susceptibility later in life, and the need for prevention and treatment are also discussed.

Citing Articles

Waist circumference as a parameter in school-based interventions to prevent overweight and obesity - a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Kula A, Brender R, Bernartz K, Walter U BMC Public Health. 2024; 24(1):2864.

PMID: 39420349 PMC: 11488270. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-20354-7.

Parental education and neighbourhood socioeconomic status in the prediction of childhood overweight: A multilevel analysis.

Pfortner T, Gube M, Koch T, Michels J, Dohle S, Demirer I Pediatr Obes. 2024; 20(2):e13181.

PMID: 39401930 PMC: 11710947. DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.13181.

Quantifying the increased risk of illness in malnourished children: a global meta-analysis and propensity score matching approach.

Ijaiya M, Anjorin S, Uthman O Glob Health Res Policy. 2024; 9(1):29.

PMID: 39085934 PMC: 11290152. DOI: 10.1186/s41256-024-00371-0.

Association of Biomarkers for Dyslipidemia, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress with Endothelial Dysfunction in Obese Youths: A Case-Control Study.

Sharma C, Suliman A, Al Hamad S, Yasin J, Abuzakouk M, Alkaabi J Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2024; 17:2533-2545.

PMID: 38915900 PMC: 11194285. DOI: 10.2147/DMSO.S458233.

Influence of insulin sensitivity on food cue evoked functional brain connectivity in children.

Semeia L, Veit R, Zhao S, Luo S, Angelo B, Birkenfeld A bioRxiv. 2024; .

PMID: 38405878 PMC: 10888780. DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.12.579924.

References

Colman R, Anderson R, Johnson S, Kastman E, Kosmatka K, Beasley T . Caloric restriction delays disease onset and mortality in rhesus monkeys. Science. 2009; 325(5937):201-4. PMC: 2812811. DOI: 10.1126/science.1173635. View

Marfella R, Grella R, Rizzo M, Barbieri M, Grella R, Ferraraccio F . Role of subcutaneous abdominal fat on cardiac function and proinflammatory cytokines in premenopausal obese women. Ann Plast Surg. 2009; 63(5):490-5. DOI: 10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181955cdb. View

Niemann B, Chen Y, Teschner M, Li L, Silber R, Rohrbach S . Obesity induces signs of premature cardiac aging in younger patients: the role of mitochondria. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011; 57(5):577-85. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.09.040. View

Barton M, Carmona R, Morawietz H, dUscio L, Goettsch W, Hillen H . Obesity is associated with tissue-specific activation of renal angiotensin-converting enzyme in vivo: evidence for a regulatory role of endothelin. Hypertension. 2000; 35(1 Pt 2):329-36. DOI: 10.1161/01.hyp.35.1.329. View

Xu H, Barnes G, Yang Q, Tan G, Yang D, Chou C . Chronic inflammation in fat plays a crucial role in the development of obesity-related insulin resistance. J Clin Invest. 2003; 112(12):1821-30. PMC: 296998. DOI: 10.1172/JCI19451. View

Herrmann J, Lerman A . The endothelium - the cardiovascular health barometer. Herz. 2008; 33(5):343-53. DOI: 10.1007/s00059-008-3088-2. View

Barton M, Yanagisawa M . Endothelin: 20 years from discovery to therapy. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2008; 86(8):485-98. DOI: 10.1139/Y08-059. View

Diaz V, Mainous A, Player M, Everett C . Telomere length and adiposity in a racially diverse sample. Int J Obes (Lond). 2009; 34(2):261-5. DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2009.198. View

Kiess W, Reich A, Muller G, Galler A, Kapellen T, Raile K . Obesity in childhood and adolescence: clinical diagnosis and management. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2002; 14 Suppl 6:1431-40. View

10.

ENOS Jr W, BEYER J, Holmes R . Pathogenesis of coronary disease in American soldiers killed in Korea. J Am Med Assoc. 1955; 158(11):912-4. DOI: 10.1001/jama.1955.02960110018005. View

11.

McLellan F . Obesity rising to alarming levels around the world. Lancet. 2002; 359(9315):1412. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08397-6. View

12.

McGill Jr H, McMahan C, Herderick E, Zieske A, Malcom G, Tracy R . Obesity accelerates the progression of coronary atherosclerosis in young men. Circulation. 2002; 105(23):2712-8. DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.0000018121.67607.ce. View

13.

Nadeau K, Maahs D, Daniels S, Eckel R . Childhood obesity and cardiovascular disease: links and prevention strategies. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2011; 8(9):513-25. PMC: 4292916. DOI: 10.1038/nrcardio.2011.86. View

14.

Werner C, Furster T, Widmann T, Poss J, Roggia C, Hanhoun M . Physical exercise prevents cellular senescence in circulating leukocytes and in the vessel wall. Circulation. 2009; 120(24):2438-47. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.861005. View

15.

Daniels S, Pratt C, Hayman L . Reduction of risk for cardiovascular disease in children and adolescents. Circulation. 2011; 124(15):1673-86. PMC: 3751579. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.016170. View

16.

Cardillo C, Campia U, Iantorno M, Panza J . Enhanced vascular activity of endogenous endothelin-1 in obese hypertensive patients. Hypertension. 2003; 43(1):36-40. DOI: 10.1161/01.HYP.0000103868.45064.81. View

17.

Lobstein T . The prevention of obesity in children. Pediatr Endocrinol Rev. 2006; 1 Suppl 3:471-5. View

18.

Georgescu A, Popov D, Constantin A, Nemecz M, Alexandru N, Cochior D . Dysfunction of human subcutaneous fat arterioles in obesity alone or obesity associated with Type 2 diabetes. Clin Sci (Lond). 2010; 120(10):463-72. DOI: 10.1042/CS20100355. View

19.

Goto S, Takahashi R, Araki S, Nakamoto H . Dietary restriction initiated in late adulthood can reverse age-related alterations of protein and protein metabolism. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2002; 959:50-6. DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb02082.x. View

20.

Napoli C, Glass C, Witztum J, Deutsch R, DArmiento F, Palinski W . Influence of maternal hypercholesterolaemia during pregnancy on progression of early atherosclerotic lesions in childhood: Fate of Early Lesions in Children (FELIC) study. Lancet. 1999; 354(9186):1234-41. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(99)02131-5. View