Comparative Effects of Vivax Malaria, Fever and Diarrhoea on Child Growth

Overview

Journal Int J Epidemiol

Specialty Public Health

Date 2012 Jan 20

PMID 22258823

Citations 34

Authors

Gwenyth Lee

Pablo Yori

Maribel Paredes Olortegui

William Pan

Laura Caulfield

Robert H Gilman

John W Sanders

Hermann Silva Delgado

Margaret Kosek

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: The adverse impact of Plasmodium vivax on child health beyond acute febrile illness is poorly studied. The effect of vivax malaria on child growth was evaluated and compared with diarrhoeal disease and non-specific fever.

Methods: Using data from a 43-month longitudinal cohort of children 0-72 months of age (n = 442) in the Peruvian Amazon, ponderal and linear growth velocities over 2-, 4- and 6-month periods were examined using longitudinal models and related to the incidence of disease during the same period.

Results: An episode of vivax malaria led to 138.6 g (95% confidence interval (CI) 81.9-195.4), 108.6 g (62.8-153.2) and 61 g (20.9-101.1) less weight gain over 2-, 4- and 6-month intervals, respectively. These deficits were larger than both diarrhoea (21.9, 17.2 and 13.8 g less weight gain, respectively) and fever (39.0, 30.3 and 25.6 g less weight gain, respectively). An incident episode of vivax also led to 0.070 cm (0.004-0.137) and 0.083 cm (0.015-0.151) less linear growth over 4 and 6 months, respectively, which were also larger than deficits from diarrhoea (0.029 and 0.028 cm, respectively) and fever (not associated with linear growth deficits). Despite the larger effect of P. vivax incident episodes on growth of a particular child, diarrhoeal disease had a larger cumulative impact on growth deficits as diarrhoeal incidence rates in this community are >10-fold higher than vivax malaria.

Conclusions: Disease control measures for vivax malaria and diarrhoeal disease have the potential to improve the growth of children in endemic areas.

Citing Articles

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Optimal balance of benefit versus risk for tafenoquine in the treatment of Plasmodium vivax malaria.

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Plasmodium vivax in Children: Hidden Burden and Conspicuous Challenges, a Narrative Review.

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