Patterns of Early Transmission of Pandemic Influenza in London - Link with Deprivation

Overview

Journal Influenza Other Respir Viruses

Publisher Wiley

Specialty Microbiology

Date 2012 Jan 13

PMID 22236079

Citations 12

Authors

Sooria Balasegaram

Flora Ogilvie

Amy Glasswell

Charlotte Anderson

Vivien Cleary

Deborah Turbitt

Brian McCloskey

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: During the early containment phase in England from April to June 2009, the national strategy for H1N1 pandemic influenza involved case investigation and treatment, and tracing and prophylaxis of contacts.

Objective: To describe the relationship between early transmission of H1N1 pandemic influenza in London and age and socio-economic status.

Methods: Epidemiological data on cases of pandemic flu in London reported to the London Flu Response Centre were analysed to determine patterns of transmission.

Results: There were 3487 reported cases (2202 confirmed, 1272 presumed and 14 probable) from 20 April to 28 June 2009, during the 'containment' period. The highest report rate of 206 per 100 000 (95% CI 195-218) was seen in primary school-age children (5-11 years) followed by 129 (95% CI 119-139) in secondary school-age children (12-18 years). Reports of cases were initially concentrated in affluent areas but overall showed a clear trend with deprivation and risk ratio of 2·32 (95% CI 1·94-2·78) between the most deprived and the least deprived.

Conclusion: Early transmissions were highest amongst school-aged children but linked with socio-economic deprivation across all age groups.

Citing Articles

Changing socio-economic and ethnic disparities in influenza/A/H1N1 infection early in the 2009 UK epidemic: a descriptive analysis.

Munday J, Pebody R, Atkins K, van Hoek A BMC Infect Dis. 2021; 21(1):1243.

PMID: 34895141 PMC: 8665325. DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06936-5.

An exploration of factors characterising unusual spatial clusters of COVID-19 cases in the East Midlands region, UK: A geospatial analysis of ambulance 999 data.

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Decomposition of socioeconomic inequality in COVID-19 mortality in Iran: A retrospective cohort study.

Nemati S, Saeedi E, Abdi S, Qandian A, Kalhor E, Moradi S Health Soc Care Community. 2021; 30(5):e1959-e1965.

PMID: 34738684 PMC: 8653285. DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13627.

The association between socioeconomic status and pandemic influenza: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Mamelund S, Shelley-Egan C, Rogeberg O PLoS One. 2021; 16(9):e0244346.

PMID: 34492018 PMC: 8423272. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244346.

Overrepresentation of South Asian ethnic groups among cases of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 during the first phase of the 2009 pandemic in England.

Trienekens S, Shepherd W, Pebody R, Mangtani P, Cleary P Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2020; 15(2):270-277.

PMID: 32875701 PMC: 7902259. DOI: 10.1111/irv.12801.

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