Regulation of Calcium in Pancreatic α- and β-cells in Health and Disease

Overview

Journal Cell Calcium

Publisher Elsevier

Specialties Cell Biology
Endocrinology

Date 2011 Dec 20

PMID 22177710

Citations 107

Authors

Patrik Rorsman

Matthias Braun

Quan Zhang

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The glucoregulatory hormones insulin and glucagon are released from the β- and α-cells of the pancreatic islets. In both cell types, secretion is secondary to firing of action potentials, Ca(2+)-influx via voltage-gated Ca(2+)-channels, elevation of [Ca(2+)](i) and initiation of Ca(2+)-dependent exocytosis. Here we discuss the mechanisms that underlie the reciprocal regulation of insulin and glucagon secretion by changes in plasma glucose, the roles played by different types of voltage-gated Ca(2+)-channel present in α- and β-cells and the modulation of hormone secretion by Ca(2+)-dependent and -independent processes. We also consider how subtle changes in Ca(2+)-signalling may have profound impact on β-cell performance and increase risk of developing type-2 diabetes.

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