Combined Gene and Protein Expression of Hormone-sensitive Lipase and Adipose Triglyceride Lipase, Mitochondrial Content, and Adipocyte Size in Subcutaneous and Visceral Adipose Tissue of Morbidly Obese Men

Overview

Journal Obes Facts

Publisher Karger

Specialty Endocrinology

Date 2011 Dec 15

PMID 22166762

Citations 13

Authors

Helene De Naeyer

D Margriet Ouwens

Yves van Nieuwenhove

Piet Pattyn

Leen M t Hart

Jean-Marc Kaufman

Henrike Sell

Juergen Eckel

Claude Cuvelier

Youri E Taes

Johannes B Ruige

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Aims: Lipotoxicity in obesity might be a failure of adipocytes to respond sufficiently adequate to persistent energy surplus. To evaluate the role of lipolytic enzymes or mitochondria in lipotoxicity, we studied expression levels of genes and proteins involved in lipolysis and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content.

Methods: As differences in lipid metabolism between men and women are extremely complex, we recruited only men (lean and morbidly obese) and collected subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue during abdominal surgery for real-time PCR gene expression, protein expression, and microscopic study.

Results: Although mRNA levels of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) were increased in visceral adipose tissue of morbidly obese men, this was not paralleled by alterations in protein expression and phosphorylation of HSL and ATGL. mtDNA content of visceral adipose tissue was increased in morbidly obese men as compared to lean controls (p < 0.013). Positive correlations were observed between visceral adipocyte size and serum triacylglycerol (r = 0.6, p < 0.007) as well as between visceral adipocyte size and CRP (r = 0.6, p < 0.009) in analyses performed separately in obese men.

Conclusion: Lipotoxicity of morbidly obese men might be related to the quantitative impact of the visceral fat depot rather than to important dysregulation of involved lipolytic enzymes or adipocyte mitochondria.

Citing Articles

FABP4 Expression in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Is Independently Associated with Circulating Triglycerides in Obesity.

Osorio-Conles O, Ibarzabal A, Balibrea J, Vidal J, Ortega E, de Hollanda A J Clin Med. 2023; 12(3).

PMID: 36769659 PMC: 9917808. DOI: 10.3390/jcm12031013.

Cholesterol efflux and macrophage polarization in human adipose tissue.

Kralova A, Bartuskova H, Kauerova S, Janousek L, Fronek J, Kralova Lesna I Physiol Res. 2022; 71(6):859-868.

PMID: 36426890 PMC: 9814980.

Fat Cell Size: Measurement Methods, Pathophysiological Origins, and Relationships With Metabolic Dysregulations.

Ye R, Richard G, Gevry N, Tchernof A, Carpentier A Endocr Rev. 2021; 43(1):35-60.

PMID: 34100954 PMC: 8755996. DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnab018.

Effect of Long-Term Moderate Physical Exercise on Irisin between Normal Weight and Obese Men.

Rashid F, Abbas H, Naser N, Addai Ali H ScientificWorldJournal. 2020; 2020:1897027.

PMID: 32952453 PMC: 7481929. DOI: 10.1155/2020/1897027.

Update on the synergistic effect of HSL and insulin in the treatment of metabolic disorders.

Lan Y, Lou J, Lyu W, Zhang B Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab. 2019; 10:2042018819877300.

PMID: 31565213 PMC: 6755629. DOI: 10.1177/2042018819877300.

References

Mairal A, Langin D, Arner P, Hoffstedt J . Human adipose triglyceride lipase (PNPLA2) is not regulated by obesity and exhibits low in vitro triglyceride hydrolase activity. Diabetologia. 2006; 49(7):1629-36. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-006-0272-x. View

Koutsari C, Dumesic D, Patterson B, Votruba S, Jensen M . Plasma free fatty acid storage in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue in postabsorptive women. Diabetes. 2008; 57(5):1186-94. DOI: 10.2337/db07-0664. View

Lindinger A, Peterli R, Peters T, Kern B, von Flue M, Calame M . Mitochondrial DNA content in human omental adipose tissue. Obes Surg. 2009; 20(1):84-92. DOI: 10.1007/s11695-009-9987-3. View

Cinti S, Mitchell G, Barbatelli G, Murano I, Ceresi E, Faloia E . Adipocyte death defines macrophage localization and function in adipose tissue of obese mice and humans. J Lipid Res. 2005; 46(11):2347-55. DOI: 10.1194/jlr.M500294-JLR200. View

Ahmadian M, Wang Y, Sul H . Lipolysis in adipocytes. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2009; 42(5):555-9. PMC: 2835819. DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2009.12.009. View

Weyer C, Foley J, Bogardus C, Tataranni P, Pratley R . Enlarged subcutaneous abdominal adipocyte size, but not obesity itself, predicts type II diabetes independent of insulin resistance. Diabetologia. 2001; 43(12):1498-506. DOI: 10.1007/s001250051560. View

Ruige J, Van Gaal L . Low fasting triglycerides: hallmark of the healthy large hip?. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2009; 17(8):1621-6. DOI: 10.1038/oby.2009.25. View

Genuth S, Alberti K, Bennett P, Buse J, DeFronzo R, Kahn R . Follow-up report on the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2003; 26(11):3160-7. DOI: 10.2337/diacare.26.11.3160. View

Frayn K . Adipose tissue as a buffer for daily lipid flux. Diabetologia. 2002; 45(9):1201-10. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-002-0873-y. View

10.

Nielsen S, Guo Z, Johnson C, Hensrud D, Jensen M . Splanchnic lipolysis in human obesity. J Clin Invest. 2004; 113(11):1582-8. PMC: 419492. DOI: 10.1172/JCI21047. View

11.

Vandesompele J, De Preter K, Pattyn F, Poppe B, Van Roy N, De Paepe A . Accurate normalization of real-time quantitative RT-PCR data by geometric averaging of multiple internal control genes. Genome Biol. 2002; 3(7):RESEARCH0034. PMC: 126239. DOI: 10.1186/gb-2002-3-7-research0034. View

12.

Skurk T, Alberti-Huber C, Herder C, Hauner H . Relationship between adipocyte size and adipokine expression and secretion. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006; 92(3):1023-33. DOI: 10.1210/jc.2006-1055. View

13.

Ruige J . Does low testosterone affect adaptive properties of adipose tissue in obese men?. Arch Physiol Biochem. 2010; 117(1):18-22. DOI: 10.3109/13813455.2010.525239. View

14.

Ho P, Chuang Y, Hung C, Wei L . Cytoplasmic receptor-interacting protein 140 (RIP140) interacts with perilipin to regulate lipolysis. Cell Signal. 2011; 23(8):1396-403. PMC: 3095660. DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2011.03.023. View

15.

Ray H, Pinteur C, Frering V, Beylot M, Large V . Depot-specific differences in perilipin and hormone-sensitive lipase expression in lean and obese. Lipids Health Dis. 2009; 8:58. PMC: 2804660. DOI: 10.1186/1476-511X-8-58. View

16.

Chandak P, Radovic B, Aflaki E, Kolb D, Buchebner M, Frohlich E . Efficient phagocytosis requires triacylglycerol hydrolysis by adipose triglyceride lipase. J Biol Chem. 2010; 285(26):20192-201. PMC: 2888432. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M110.107854. View

17.

Stefan N, Kantartzis K, Machann J, Schick F, Thamer C, Rittig K . Identification and characterization of metabolically benign obesity in humans. Arch Intern Med. 2008; 168(15):1609-16. DOI: 10.1001/archinte.168.15.1609. View

18.

Seow K, Tsai Y, Hwang J, Hsu W, Ho L, Juan C . Omental adipose tissue overexpression of fatty acid transporter CD36 and decreased expression of hormone-sensitive lipase in insulin-resistant women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Hum Reprod. 2009; 24(8):1982-8. DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dep122. View

19.

Lafontan M, Langin D . Lipolysis and lipid mobilization in human adipose tissue. Prog Lipid Res. 2009; 48(5):275-97. DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2009.05.001. View

20.

Steinberg G, Kemp B, Watt M . Adipocyte triglyceride lipase expression in human obesity. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2007; 293(4):E958-64. DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00235.2007. View