» Articles » PMID: 22022230

The Fifth Adaptor Protein Complex

Overview
Journal PLoS Biol
Specialty Biology
Date 2011 Oct 25
PMID 22022230
Citations 151
Authors
Affiliations
Soon will be listed here.
Abstract

Adaptor protein (AP) complexes sort cargo into vesicles for transport from one membrane compartment of the cell to another. Four distinct AP complexes have been identified, which are present in most eukaryotes. We report the existence of a fifth AP complex, AP-5. Tagged AP-5 localises to a late endosomal compartment in HeLa cells. AP-5 does not associate with clathrin and is insensitive to brefeldin A. Knocking down AP-5 subunits interferes with the trafficking of the cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor and causes the cell to form swollen endosomal structures with emanating tubules. AP-5 subunits can be found in all five eukaryotic supergroups, but they have been co-ordinately lost in many organisms. Concatenated phylogenetic analysis provides robust resolution, for the first time, into the evolutionary order of emergence of the adaptor subunit families, showing AP-3 as the basal complex, followed by AP-5, AP-4, and AP-1 and AP-2. Thus, AP-5 is an evolutionarily ancient complex, which is involved in endosomal sorting, and which has links with hereditary spastic paraplegia.

Citing Articles

Genome-wide identification of the adaptor protein complexes and its expression patterns analysis in foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.).

Wang D, Su M, Hao J, Li Z, Dong S, Yuan X BMC Plant Biol. 2025; 25(1):7.

PMID: 39748285 PMC: 11694439. DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05959-9.


Gintonin-Enriched Extract Fraction Sensitizes Renal Carcinoma Cells to TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis through DR4/5 Upregulation.

Hong S, Lee R, Park G, Han S, Shin J, Lee Y Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2024; 46(10):10880-10895.

PMID: 39451526 PMC: 11506827. DOI: 10.3390/cimb46100646.


Evolutionary origins of the lysosome-related organelle sorting machinery reveal ancient homology in post-endosome trafficking pathways.

More K, Kaufman J, Dacks J, Manna P Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2024; 121(43):e2403601121.

PMID: 39418309 PMC: 11513930. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2403601121.


Disordered hinge regions of the AP-3 adaptor complex promote vesicle budding from the late Golgi in yeast.

Leih M, Plemel R, West M, Angers C, Merz A, Odorizzi G J Cell Sci. 2024; 137(21).

PMID: 39330471 PMC: 11574352. DOI: 10.1242/jcs.262234.


The p53 target DRAM1 modulates calcium homeostasis and ER stress by promoting contact between lysosomes and the ER through STIM1.

Wang X, Geng J, Rimal S, Sui Y, Pan J, Qin Z Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2024; 121(39):e2400531121.

PMID: 39292746 PMC: 11441506. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2400531121.


References
1.
Heldwein E, Macia E, Wang J, Yin H, Kirchhausen T, Harrison S . Crystal structure of the clathrin adaptor protein 1 core. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004; 101(39):14108-13. PMC: 521094. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0406102101. View

2.
Abascal F, Zardoya R, Posada D . ProtTest: selection of best-fit models of protein evolution. Bioinformatics. 2005; 21(9):2104-5. DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bti263. View

3.
DellAngelica E, Shotelersuk V, Aguilar R, Gahl W, Bonifacino J . Altered trafficking of lysosomal proteins in Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome due to mutations in the beta 3A subunit of the AP-3 adaptor. Mol Cell. 1999; 3(1):11-21. DOI: 10.1016/s1097-2765(00)80170-7. View

4.
Burgos P, Mardones G, Rojas A, daSilva L, Prabhu Y, Hurley J . Sorting of the Alzheimer's disease amyloid precursor protein mediated by the AP-4 complex. Dev Cell. 2010; 18(3):425-36. PMC: 2841041. DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2010.01.015. View

5.
Harbour M, Breusegem S, Antrobus R, Freeman C, Reid E, Seaman M . The cargo-selective retromer complex is a recruiting hub for protein complexes that regulate endosomal tubule dynamics. J Cell Sci. 2010; 123(Pt 21):3703-17. PMC: 2964111. DOI: 10.1242/jcs.071472. View