Functions and Relevance of the Terminal Complement Sequence

Overview

Journal Blut

Specialty Hematology

Date 1990 Jun 1

PMID 2198074

Citations 7

Authors

S Bhakdi

F Hugo

J Tranum-Jensen

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The terminal complement sequence is initiated upon cleavage of C5 with liberation of C5a anaphylatoxin, and involves the assembly of macromolecular C5b-9 complexes either on cell surfaces or in plasma. Cell-bound C5b-9 complexes generate transmembrane pores that can cause cell death, or they can elicit secondary cellular reactions triggered, for example, by passive flux of calcium ions into the cells. In vivo functions of the fluid-phase SC5b-9 complex have not yet been defined, but the identity of S-protein with vitronectin (serum spreading factor) provokes the anticipation that significant biological functions of this complex do exist. The terminal complement sequence may fulfil protective functions when it is triggered on alien cells that are marked for destruction. Dysregulation in the complement sequence may, however, result in detrimental attack by C5b-9 on autologous cells. Examples include not only autoimmune disease states, but also the activation of complement on dead or dying cells, and bystander attack on blood cells during cardiopulmonary bypass. Methods for detecting and quantifying C5b-9 are outlined, and the potential usefulness of such assays in clinical research is discussed.

Citing Articles

Malarial anemia: digestive vacuole of Plasmodium falciparum mediates complement deposition on bystander cells to provoke hemophagocytosis.

Dasari P, Fries A, Heber S, Salama A, Blau I, Lingelbach K Med Microbiol Immunol. 2014; 203(6):383-93.

PMID: 24985035 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-014-0347-0.

Complement activation and formation of the membrane attack complex on serogroup B Neisseria meningitidis in the presence or absence of serum bactericidal activity.

Drogari-Apiranthitou M, Kuijper E, Dekker N, Dankert J Infect Immun. 2002; 70(7):3752-8.

PMID: 12065518 PMC: 128098. DOI: 10.1128/IAI.70.7.3752-3758.2002.

Soluble complex of complement increases hydraulic conductivity in single microvessels of rat lung.

Ishikawa S, Tsukada H, Bhattacharya J J Clin Invest. 1993; 91(1):103-9.

PMID: 8423210 PMC: 330002. DOI: 10.1172/JCI116157.

The kinetics and distribution of C9 and SC5b-9 in vivo: effects of complement activation.

Greenstein J, Peake P, Charlesworth J Clin Exp Immunol. 1995; 100(1):40-6.

PMID: 7697921 PMC: 1534261. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.1995.tb03601.x.

Quantitation of vitronectin in serum: evaluation of its usefulness in routine clinical practice.

Boyd N, Bradwell A, Thompson R J Clin Pathol. 1993; 46(11):1042-5.

PMID: 7504702 PMC: 501692. DOI: 10.1136/jcp.46.11.1042.

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